Diversity of Bifidobacteria within the Infant Gut Microbiota

Turroni, Francesca; Peano, Clelia; Pass, Daniel Antony; Foroni, Elena; Severgnini, Marco; Claesson, Marcus J.; Kerr, Colm; Hourihane, Jonathan; Murray, Deirdre M.; Fuligni, Fabio; Gueimonde, Miguel; Margollés, Abelardo; Bellis, Gianluca De; O’Toole, Paul W.; Sinderen, Douwe van; Marchesi, Julian R.; Ventura, Marco

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0036957

Cited by 553 publications

(502 citation statements)

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“…Bifidobacteria have been shown to account for 70% of the sequences of exclusively breastfed (EBF) infants 40 and appear earlier in the feces of EBF than in FF infants 38 In addition, infants who were exclusively breastfed in early life maintained greater colonization with bifidobacteria later in infancy. 54 Although this evidence is substantial, other findings suggest that Bifidobacterium exists in similar proportions 18,34 and numbers 44,46 in BF and FF infants and dominate the microbiota across both groups. 34,50,51 Conversely, Palmer and colleagues 2 reported very low levels of bifidobacteria in all infants with varied dietary patterns; however, these findings are likely due to the 8F universal primer that was used in the study having a three base pair mismatch against B. longum, and that Bifidobacterium genus in general does not have 100% sequence identity to the 8F primer sequence.…”

Section: (Finland)mentioning

confidence: 89%

“…54 Although this evidence is substantial, other findings suggest that Bifidobacterium exists in similar proportions 18,34 and numbers 44,46 in BF and FF infants and dominate the microbiota across both groups. 34,50,51 Conversely, Palmer and colleagues 2 reported very low levels of bifidobacteria in all infants with varied dietary patterns; however, these findings are likely due to the 8F universal primer that was used in the study having a three base pair mismatch against B. longum, and that Bifidobacterium genus in general does not have 100% sequence identity to the 8F primer sequence. 58 Infants harboring similar relative abundances of Bifidobacterium still exhibit some variance in diversity, 34,39,42 and stability 51 of populations at the species level.…”

Section: (Finland)mentioning

confidence: 89%

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The role of early life nutrition in the establishment of gastrointestinal microbial composition and function

2017

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The development of the human infant intestinal microbiota is a sequential process that begins in utero and continues during the first 2 to 3 years of life. Microbial composition and diversity are shaped by host genetics and multiple environmental factors, of which diet is a principal contributor. An understanding of this process is of clinical importance as the microbiota acquired in early life influence gastrointestinal, immune and neural development, and reduced microbial diversity or dysbiosis during infancy is associated with disorders in infancy and later childhood. The goal of this article was to review the published literature that used culture-independent methods to describe the development of the gastrointestinal microbiota in breast-and formula-fed human infants as well as the impact of prebiotic and probiotic addition to infant formula, and the addition of solid foods.

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Section: (Finland)mentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: (Finland)mentioning

confidence: 89%

The role of early life nutrition in the establishment of gastrointestinal microbial composition and function

2017

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“…Lactobacilli are usually detected in lower abundance than bifidobacteria in stool samples but may be more abundant in the small intestine (49) . Lactate is a major bacterial fermentation product in breast-fed babies that are mainly colonised by Bifidobacterium (50)(51)(52) , whereas the intestinal microbiota of formula-fed infants is more complex, with a lower abundance of bifidobacteria (53) . Breast-fed babies have been reported to show significantly higher levels of lactic acid (mean 8·4 mM) compared with formula-fed babies (mean 1·7 mM) at age 1 month, with the latter indicating a much more mixed acid fermentation.…”

Section: Lactate Formation and Utilisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Links between diet, gut microbiota composition and gut metabolism

et al. 2014

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The gut microbiota and its metabolic products interact with the host in many different ways, influencing gut homoeostasis and health outcomes. The species composition of the gut microbiota has been shown to respond to dietary change, determined by competition for substrates and by tolerance of gut conditions. Meanwhile, the metabolic outputs of the microbiota, such as SCFA, are influenced both by the supply of dietary components and via diet-mediated changes in microbiota composition. There has been significant progress in identifying the phylogenetic distribution of pathways responsible for formation of particular metabolites among human colonic bacteria, based on combining cultural microbiology and sequencebased approaches. Formation of butyrate and propionate from hexose sugars, for example, can be ascribed to different bacterial groups, although propionate can be formed via alternative pathways from deoxy-sugars and from lactate by a few species. Lactate, which is produced by many gut bacteria in pure culture, can also be utilised by certain Firmicutes to form butyrate, and its consumption may be important for maintaining a stable community. Predicting the impact of diet upon such a complex and interactive system as the human gut microbiota not only requires more information on the component groups involved but, increasingly, the integration of such information through modelling approaches.

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“…Bifidobacterium is only a minor component of the infant gut microbiota [17]. These techniques have also introduced the concept of a core microbiome in which metabolic function is more important than the presence of a particular bacterial strain.…”

Section: Recent Studies Involving the Use Of Culture-independent Techmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the gastrointestinal microbiota, bifidobacteria represent an important commensal group, being among the first microbial colonizers of the gut [17]. However, the prevalence and diversity of members of the others genus in the infant intestinal microbiota has not yet been fully characterized, while some inconsistencies exist in literature regarding the gut health after probiotic administration [9 -13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotics and gut health in infants: A preliminary case–control observational study about early treatment with Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938

Savino

Fornasero

Ceratto

et al. 2015

Clinica Chimica Acta

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AIMS: we performed this case-control observational study to evaluate the effects of early administration of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 on microbial composition in infants' gastrointestinal tract. METHODS: early fecal microbiota composition was analyzed by using selective and differential cultural methods. Genomic DNA from positive Escherichia coli and Cronobacter sakazakii colonies was extracted and DNA was processed by multiplex PCR assay. RESULTS: fecal samples of 30 hospitalized infants who previously received probiotics and 30 not receiving probiotics were analyzed. We find that the two groups showed differences in gut microbial strains composition and richness. Infant treated with probiotics have a lower total anaerobic gramnegative counts (p=0.03) and a higher total anaerobic gram-positive counts (p=0.02). Enterobacteriaceae and enterococci were significantly higher (p=0.04) in the control group. No significant differences were observed for total aerobic counts, lactobacilli and bifidobacteria. C. sakazaki was found only in one infant recruited in the control group. Infants not previously treated with probiotics showed a higher colonization by diarrheagenic E. coli (EPEC) (p=0.04). CONCLUSIONS: our findings enhanced our understanding of the effects of probiotics on gut health in pediatric subjects. Early administration of L.reuteri in infancy could improve gut health by reducing pathogens colonization. Our trial underlines the efficacy of an early probiotic administration in improving gut health in infancy.Informed consent was obtained from each child's parent.The study has been approved by a research ethics committee.There are no prior publications or submissions with any overlapping information, including studies and patients.These data have not been published previously and are not under consideration for publication by any other journal. The manuscript has not been and will not be submitted to any other journal while it is under consideration by Clinica Chimica Acta Journal.All authors have read and approved the version of the article being submitted.No an honorarium, grant, or other form of payment was given to anyone to produce the manuscript.All authors declare no conflict of interest.No affiliations with or financial involvement in any organization or entity with a direct financial interest in the subject matter or materials of the research discussed in the manuscript were present. Probiotics and gut health in infants: a case-control observational study about early treatment with Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938.

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Diversity of Bifidobacteria within the Infant Gut Microbiota

Cited by 553 publications

References 46 publications

The role of early life nutrition in the establishment of gastrointestinal microbial composition and function

The role of early life nutrition in the establishment of gastrointestinal microbial composition and function

Links between diet, gut microbiota composition and gut metabolism

Probiotics and gut health in infants: A preliminary case–control observational study about early treatment with Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938

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