Diversity of content and composition of cell wall-derived dietary fibre in polished rice

Kosík, Ondřej; Romero, Marissa V.; Bandonill, E.H.; Abilgos-Ramos, Riza; Sreenivasulu, Nese; Shewry, Peter R.; Lovegrove, Alison

doi:10.1016/j.jcs.2020.103122

Cited by 14 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Calibration curves (25–625 pmol) were generated for each monosaccharide prepared following TFA treatment as described. Neutral monosaccharides were separated by HPAEC-PAD using Dionex ICS-5000+ equipped with KOH eluent generator and CarboPac PA-20 column (guard 3x30 mm; analytical 3x150 mm; Thermo Scientific) using method developed in [ 25 ]. Chromeleon software was used to mark and quantify the peaks.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNAi suppression of xylan synthase genes in wheat starchy endosperm

et al. 2021

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The xylan backbone of arabinoxylan (AX), the major cell wall polysaccharide in the wheat starchy endosperm, is synthesised by xylan synthase which is a complex of three subunits encoded by the GT43_1, GT43_2 and GT47_2 genes. RNAi knock-down of either GT43_1 or all three genes (triple lines) resulted in decreased AX measured by digestion with endoxylanase (to 33 and 34.9% of the controls) and by monosaccharide analysis (to 45.9% and 47.4% of the controls) with greater effects on the amount of water-extractable AX (to 20.6 and 19.9% of the controls). Both sets of RNAi lines also had greater decreases in the amounts of substituted oligosaccharides released by digestion of AX with endoxylanase than in fragments derived only from the xylan backbone. Although the GT43_1 and triple lines had similar effects on AX they did differ in their contents of soluble sugars (increased in triple only) and on grain size (decreased in triple only). Both sets of transgenic lines had decreased grain hardness, indicating effects on cell wall mechanics. These results, and previously published studies of RNAi suppression of GT43_2 and GT47_2 and of a triple mutant of GT43_2, are consistent with the model of xylan synthase comprising three subunits one of which (GT47_2) is responsible for catalysis with the other two subunits being required for correct functioning but indicate that separate xylan synthase complexes may be responsible for the synthesis of populations of AX which differ in their structure and solubility.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNAi suppression of xylan synthase genes in wheat starchy endosperm

et al. 2021

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“…The genes involved in the synthesis of NSPs are well elucidated, but the individual effects on physiological functions in humans are not yet fully explored (Burton & Fincher 2014). Profiling the rice diversity lines for water-insoluble NSPs has identified rare accessions enriched in the pectin arabinogalactan, which might have similar properties (Kosik et al 2020).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Signatures from Genebank Collections: An Underexploited Resource for Human Health?

Sreenivasulu

Alseekh

Tiozon

et al. 2023

Annu. Rev. Food Sci. Technol.

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Despite the almost universal acceptance of the phrase “you are what you eat,” investment in understanding diet-based nutrition to address human health has been dwarfed compared to that for medicine-based interventions. Moreover, traditional breeding has focused on yield to the detriment of nutritional quality, meaning that although caloric content has remained high, the incidence of nutritional deficiencies and accompanying diseases (so-called hidden hunger) has risen dramatically. We review how genome sequencing coupled with metabolomics can facilitate the screening of genebank collections in the search for superior alleles related to the nutritional quality of crops. We argue that the first examples are very promising, suggesting that this approach could benefit broader ranges of crops and compounds with known relevance for human health. We argue that this represents an approach complementary to metabolic engineering by transgenesis or gene editing that could be used to reverse some of the losses incurred through a recent focus on breeding for yield, although we caution that ensuring such approaches are not (re)introducing antinutrients is also necessary. Furthermore, deploying effective postharvest processing technologies to increase the density of nutrients in the food matrix and improve palatability remains an attractive alternative. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Food Science and Technology, Volume 14 is March 2023. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

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