Diversity of fungal isolates from fungus‐growing termite <i>Macrotermes barneyi</i> and characterization of bioactive compound from <i>Xylaria escharoidea</i>

Nagam, Venkateswarulu; Rammohan, Aluru; Shoaib, Muhammad; Dong, Guang-Rui; Li, Zhi; Pallaval, Veera Bramhachari; Ni, Jinfeng

doi:10.1111/1744-7917.12799

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Microbial community is extensive among insects. As a special kind of microbial community, insect-associated fungi have been a source of new microbial resources [ 29 , 30 ] and biologically active natural products [ 16 , 31 , 32 ]. While fungi were present in A. mellifera ligustica , the leading research mainly focused on the honeycomb, honeybee gut, pollen, and bread [ 23 , 33 – 36 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community composition, bacterial symbionts, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of honeybee-associated fungi

et al. 2022

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Background Fungi associated with insects represent one potentially rich source for the discovery of novel metabolites. However, a comprehensive understanding of the fungal communities of Apis mellifera ligustica remains elusive. Results Here, we investigated the phylogenetic diversity and community composition of honeybee-associated fungi using combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches. A total of forty-five fungi were isolated and purified from the Apis mellifera ligustica, royal jelly, and honeycomb, which belonged to four classes and eleven different genera. Furthermore, 28 bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequences were obtained by PCR from the fungal metagenome. High-throughput sequencing analyses revealed that the fungal communities were more diverse, a total of 62 fungal genera were detected in the honeybee gut by culture-independent method, whereas only 4 genera were isolated by culture-dependent method. Similarly, 247 fungal genera were detected in the honeycomb, whereas only 4 genera were isolated. In addition, we assessed the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of fungal isolates. Most fungal crude extracts obtained from the cultivation supernatant exhibited antioxidant activities. Only two fungal crude extracts displayed moderate activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Chemical analysis of Chaetomium subaffine MFFC22 led to the discovery of three known compounds, including cochliodinol (1), emodin (2), chrysophanol (3). Among them, cochliodinol (1) showed intense DPPH radical scavenging activity with the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 3.06 μg/mL, which was comparable to that of the positive ascorbic acid (IC50 = 2.25 μg/mL). Compound 2 displayed weak inhibitory activities against Micrococcus tetragenus and S. aureus. Conclusions This research provided a fundamental clue for the complex interactions among honeybees, fungi, bacterial symbionts, and the effects on the honeybee. Furthermore, the diversity of honeybee-associated fungi had great potential in finding the resource of new species and antioxidants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community composition, bacterial symbionts, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of honeybee-associated fungi

et al. 2022

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“…in Mississippi (USA) [24], Talaromyces spp. from the nests of Coptotermes formosanus under experimental rearing conditions in Florida (USA) [40] and combs of the fungus-growing species Macrotermes carbonarius in Vietnam [39], while Talaromyces stollii was reported from the combs of Macrotermes barneyi in China [47].…”

Section: Occurrence Of Talaromyces Spp As Insect Associatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Talaromyces–Insect Relationships

Nicoletti

Becchimanzi

2021

Microorganisms

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Facing the urgent need to reduce the input of agrochemicals, in recent years, the ecological relationships between plants and their associated microorganisms have been increasingly considered as an essential tool for improving crop production. New findings and data have been accumulated showing that the application of fungi can go beyond the specific role that has been traditionally assigned to the species, employed in integrated pest management as entomopathogens or mycoparasites, and that strains combining both aptitudes can be identified and possibly used as multipurpose biocontrol agents. Mainly considered for their antagonistic relationships with plant pathogenic fungi, species in the genus Talaromyces have been more and more widely reported as insect associates in investigations carried out in various agricultural and non-agricultural contexts. Out of a total of over 170 species currently accepted in this genus, so far, 27 have been found to have an association with insects from 9 orders, with an evident increasing trend. The nature of their mutualistic and antagonistic relationships with insects, and their ability to synthesize bioactive compounds possibly involved in the expression of the latter kind of interactions, are analyzed in this paper with reference to the ecological impact and applicative perspectives in crop protection.

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“…Insect-associated fungi have been isolated from various insects, including termites, honeybee, leaf-cutting ants, Dactylopius, caterpillars, and black soldier fly (Pereira et al, 2016;Vera-Ponce de León et al, 2016;Tauber et al, 2019;Višňovská et al, 2020;Nagam et al, 2021;Tegtmeier et al, 2021). Yeast species were the most common fungi in the insect gut, and have beneficial effects on their host, such as immune system enhancement, antimicrobial activity, and nutrient supplementation (Stefanini, 2018;Meriggi et al, 2020).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Yeast species were the most common fungi in the insect gut, and have beneficial effects on their host, such as immune system enhancement, antimicrobial activity, and nutrient supplementation (Stefanini, 2018;Meriggi et al, 2020). Some filamentous fungi were also frequently isolated, including Trichoderma, Pyrenochaeta, Fusarium, Acremonium, Chaetomium, and Penicillium (Xu et al, 2020;Nagam et al, 2021). Those insect gut-associated fungi were the resource of new species and novel bioactive products, and have attracted the wide attention of scholars (Zhang et al, 2008;Moubasher et al, 2017).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Two novel compounds were purified and identified from Trichoderma harzianum isolated from the gut of Pantala flavescens, one of the compounds has displayed moderate antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis (Zhang et al, 2020). Some active compounds with antibacterial activity against important human pathogens have been found from insect-associated fungi, including long-horned grasshoppers, termites, and black soldier fly (Li et al, 2014;Correa et al, 2019;Nagam et al, 2021). Thus, there is an enormous potential for the production of secondary metabolites with biological activities by insect gut-associated fungi.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Diversity, antibacterial activity and chemical analyses of gut-associated fungi isolated from the Crocothemis servilia

et al. 2022

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Insect-associated fungi are a potentially rich source of novel natural products with antibacterial activity. Here, we investigated the community composition and phylogenetic diversity of gut-associated fungi of the dragonfly (Crocothemis Servilia) using a combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. A total of 42 fungal isolates were obtained from the guts of the dragonfly, which belonged to four classes and thirteen different genera. Amplicon sequencing analyses revealed that the fungal communities were more diverse, and a total of 136 genera were identified and dominated by the genera Wojnowiciella and Phoma. The antibacterial bioassay showed that five fungal crude extracts of representative isolates have shown antibacterial activities. Among them, the extract of Phoma sp. QTH17 showed the best antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli, Micrococcus tetragenus, and Staphylococcus aureus with the disc diameter of inhibition zone diameter (IZD) of 6.50, 10.80, and 8.70 mm, respectively. Chemical analysis of Phoma sp. QTH17 led to the discovery of five known compounds, including ergosterol (1), 3-Chlorogentisyl alcohol (2), epoxydon (3), epoxydon 6-methylsalicylate ester (4) and mannitol (5). Among them, the compound 3 exhibited potent antibacterial activities against E. coli, M. tetragenus, and S. aureus with the IZD of 7.00, 14.00, and 12.50 mm, respectively, which were slightly weaker than those of the positive gentamicin sulfate with the IZD of 11.13, 18.30, and 12.13 mm, respectively. In conclusion, our results confirmed that the diversity of gut-associated fungi of C. Servilia could be expected to explore the resource of new species and antibacterial substances.

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Diversity of fungal isolates from fungus‐growing termite Macrotermes barneyi and characterization of bioactive compound from Xylaria escharoidea

Cited by 13 publications

References 46 publications

Community composition, bacterial symbionts, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of honeybee-associated fungi

Community composition, bacterial symbionts, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of honeybee-associated fungi

Talaromyces–Insect Relationships

Diversity, antibacterial activity and chemical analyses of gut-associated fungi isolated from the Crocothemis servilia

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