Diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis lineages in French Polynesia

Osman, Djaltou Aboubaker; Phelippeau, Michael; Drancourt, Michel; Musso, Didier

doi:10.1016/j.jmii.2015.05.018

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The L4.4.1.1 sublineage defined by SNP genotyping corresponds to the S lineage, also known as the "S-type, " classified by spoligotyping (Brudey et al, 2006;Coll et al, 2014). Molecular typing has shown that the S lineage also has a notable presence in French Polynesia, accounting for over one-third of Mtb isolates in Tahiti (10/27, 37%) (Osman et al, 2017). Tahiti was made a French protectorate in 1842 and a colony in 1880, and was an important commerce hub provisioning European whaling and trade vessels in the early 19th century.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersal of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Driven by Historical European Trade in the South Pacific

et al. 2019

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is a globally distributed bacterial pathogen whose population structure has largely been shaped by the activities of its obligate human host. Oceania was the last major global region to be reached by Europeans and is the last region for which the dispersal and evolution of Mtb remains largely unexplored. Here, we investigated the evolutionary history of the Euro-American L4.4 sublineage and its dispersal to the South Pacific. Using a phylodynamics approach and a dataset of 236 global Mtb L4.4 genomes we have traced the origins and dispersal of L4.4 strains to New Zealand. These strains are predominantly found in indigenous Māori and Pacific people and we identify a clade of European, likely French, origin that is prevalent in indigenous populations in both New Zealand and Canada. Molecular dating suggests the expansion of European trade networks in the early 19th century drove the dispersal of this clade to the South Pacific. We also identify historical and social factors within the region that have contributed to the local spread and expansion of these strains, including recent Pacific migrations to New Zealand and the rapid urbanization of Māori in the 20th century. Our results offer new insight into the expansion and dispersal of Mtb in the South Pacific and provide a striking example of the role of historical European migrations in the global dispersal of Mtb.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersal of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Driven by Historical European Trade in the South Pacific

et al. 2019

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“…Interestingly, this potential new species has been found in French Polynesia where a previous investigation using the same molecular tools, yielded another new Mycobacterium species, Mycobacterium massilipolynesiensis , in the Mycobacterium simiae complex 17 . In French Polynesia also, genotyping techniques allowed the discovery of another nontuberculous Mycobacterium species and new Mycobacterium tuberculosis lineages 18 . Looking for microbes in some remote areas where appropriate identification methods are not available yet, is a source of discovery of new microbial species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Mycobacterium mephinesia”, a Mycobacterium terrae complex species of clinical interest isolated in French Polynesia

Saad¹,

Phelippeau²,

Khoder³

et al. 2019

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A 59-year-old tobacco smoker male with chronic bronchitis living in Taravao, French Polynesia, Pacific, presented with a two-year growing nodule in the middle lobe of the right lung. A guided bronchoalveolar lavage inoculated onto Löwenstein-Jensen medium yielded colonies of a rapidly-growing non-chromogenic mycobacterium designed as isolate P7213. The isolate could not be identified using routine matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry and phenotypic and probe-hybridization techniques and yielded 100% and 97% sequence similarity with the respective 16S rRNA and rpoB gene sequences of Mycobacterium virginiense in the Mycobacterium terrae complex. Electron microscopy showed a 1.15 µm long and 0.38 µm large bacillus which was in vitro susceptible to rifampicin, rifabutin, ethambutol, isoniazid, doxycycline and kanamycin. Its 4,511,948-bp draft genome exhibited a 67.6% G + C content with 4,153 coding-protein genes and 87 predicted RNA genes. Genome sequence-derived DNA-DNA hybridization, OrthoANI and pangenome analysis confirmed isolate P7213 was representative of a new species in the M . terrae complex. We named this species “ Mycobacterium mephinesia ”.

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“…The L4.4.1.1 sublineage defined by SNP genotyping corresponds to the S lineage, also known as the ‘S-type’, classified by spoligotyping [18, 39]. Molecular typing has shown that the S lineage also has a notable presence in French Polynesia, accounting for over one-third of Mtb isolates in Tahiti (10/27, 37%) [40]. Tahiti was made a French protectorate in 1842 and a colony in 1880, and was an important commerce hub provisioning European whaling and trade vessels in the early 19th century.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersal ofMycobacterium tuberculosisto indigenous populations driven by historical European trade in the South Pacific

Shockey

et al. 2019

Preprint

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27The Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex lineage 4 (L4), also known as the "Euro-American" 28 lineage, is the most widely dispersed of the seven human adapted lineages. L4 is comprised of ten 29 sublineages including L4.4, which has a moderate global distribution and is the most common L4 30 sublineage in New Zealand. We have used a phylodynamics approach and a dataset of 236 global 31 M. tuberculosis genomes to trace the origins and dispersal of L4.4 strains in New Zealand that are 32 predominantly found in Māori and Pacific people. We identify an L4.4.1.1 sublineage clade of 33 European origin, likely French, that is prevalent in indigenous populations in both New Zealand and 34 Canada. Molecular dating suggests that expansion of European trade networks in the early 19th 35 century led to dispersal of this clade to the South Pacific. We also identify historical and social factors 36 within the region that have contributed to the local spread and expansion of these strains, including 37 recent Pacific migrations to New Zealand and the rapid urbanization of Māori in the 20th century. Our 38 results offer new insight into the dispersal of M. tuberculosis in the South Pacific region and provide 39 a striking example of the role of historical European migrations in the dispersal of M. tuberculosis. 40 41 Author Summary 42 Tuberculosis kills more people worldwide than any other infectious disease and indigenous 43 populations are disproportionately affected by the disease. Here, we have used a large global dataset 44 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterial genomes to trace the historical origins of tuberculosis strains 45 in New Zealand that are most frequently found in Māori and Pacific people. These strains are locally 46 known as the 'Rangipo' and 'Otara' strains (both Māori place names) and belong to the 47 "Euro-American" lineage of M. tuberculosis. Via genome analysis, we find that these strains are 48 closely related to M. tuberculosis strains found in indigenous populations in Canada that have a 49 European origin. We used a molecular dating approach (a molecular clock) to infer the ages of these 50 strains and date divergence events. The timing we infer corresponds to the introduction of these strains 3 51 to Polynesia via expanding European trade networks in the South Pacific in the early 19th century and 52 suggests that the Otara strain has migrated to New Zealand from the Pacific Islands multiple times. 53 Our results provide insight into human social phenomena underlying the expansion and dispersal of 54 M. tuberculosis and reassert the important role of European colonial migrations in the global dispersal 55 of the M. tuberculosis Euro-American lineage. This work also highlights the pejorative and 56 stigmatizing mislabelling of the New Zealand strains with indigenous Māori place names, suggesting 57 that these strains should be renamed. 58 59 Introduction 60 Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by the bacterial pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and 61 other members of the Mtb complex (MTBC). TB kills m...

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Diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis lineages in French Polynesia

Abstract: Genotyping identified four phylogenetic lineages belonging to the modern Euro-American subgroup, one Beijing genotype responsible for worldwide pandemics, including remote islands in the South Pacific, and one Manu genotype of the ancestral lineage of M. tuberculosis.

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Dispersal of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Driven by Historical European Trade in the South Pacific

Dispersal of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Driven by Historical European Trade in the South Pacific

“Mycobacterium mephinesia”, a Mycobacterium terrae complex species of clinical interest isolated in French Polynesia

Dispersal ofMycobacterium tuberculosisto indigenous populations driven by historical European trade in the South Pacific

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