Diversity of phytoplasmas identified in the polyphagous leafhopper Euscelis incisus (Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae) in Serbia: pathogen inventory, epidemiological significance and vectoring potential

Jakovljević, Miljana; Jović, Jelena; Krstić, Oliver; Mitrović, Milana; Marinković, Slavica; Toševski, Ivo; Cvrković, Tatjana

doi:10.1007/s10658-019-01878-w

Cited by 16 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…The cixiid Hyalesthes obsoletus Signoret, the main vector of BN [4], acquires CaPsol from its preferred host plants (Convolvulus arvensis L. and Urtica dioica L.), and occasionally transmits it to grapevine, a phytoplasma dead-end host [5,6]. Recently, typing of CaPsol strains using different molecular markers improved the knowledge of BN spreading, highlighting the crucial role of Vitex agnus-castus L. and Crepis foetida L. as the main CaPsol source plants for H. obsoletus [7,8], and proposing the involvement of other weeds and insects in BN epidemiology [9,10]. Moreover, combining field surveys, phytoplasma molecular characterization and transmission trials, Reptalus panzeri (Löw) was reported as a natural vector of CaPsol in Serbian vineyards [11], and another eight alternative vectors of CaPsol to grapevine (Aphrodes makarovi Zachvatkin, Dicranotropis hamata (Boheman), Dictyophara europaea (L.), Euscelis incisus (Kirschbaum), Euscelidius variegatus (Kirschbaum), Laodelphax striatella (Fallen), Philaenus spumarius (L.), and Psammotettix alienus/confinis (Dahlbom)) were identified in northern Italy [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proposal of A New Bois Noir Epidemiological Pattern Related to ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma Solani’ Strains Characterized by A Possible Moderate Virulence in Tuscany

et al. 2020

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Bois noir (BN), associated with ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma solani’ (CaPsol), is the most widespread disease of the grapevine yellows complex worldwide. In this work, BN epidemiology was investigated in a case study vineyard where an unusual CaPsol strain, previously detected only in other host plants, was found to be prevalent in grapevine. Experimental activities included: symptom observation; sampling of symptomatic vines, Auchenorrhyncha specimens, and weeds; molecular detection and typing of CaPsol strains; statistical analyses for determining possible relationships between CaPsol relative concentration, strain type, and symptom severity. Among insects, Reptalus quinquecostatus was the most abundant and was found to be highly infected by CaPsol, while Hyalesthes obsoletus, the main CaPsol vector, was not caught. Moreover, R. quinquecostatus harbored CaPsol strains carrying uniquely the stamp sequence variant St10, also identified as prevalent in vines and in the majority of weeds, and all the secY variants identified in the vineyard. Statistical analyses revealed that CaPsol strains carrying the St10 variant are not associated with severe symptoms, suggesting their possible moderate virulence. Based on such evidence, a new BN epidemiological pattern related to these CaPsol strains and involving grapevine, R. quinquecostatus, and/or weeds is proposed. Furthermore, the possible presence of other players (vectors and weeds) involved in CaPsol transmission to grapevines was highlighted.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proposal of A New Bois Noir Epidemiological Pattern Related to ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma Solani’ Strains Characterized by A Possible Moderate Virulence in Tuscany

et al. 2020

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“…The first observation of symptomatic field bindweeds was made in August 2018 during a survey on phytoplasma vectors in natural habitats of Serbia [ 42 ], at location Donji Milanovac, on abandoned pasture slopes situated between the Great and Small Kazan of the Iron Gates gorge on the Danube River. These plants had characteristic symptoms of bushy appearance, elongated leaves and discrete yellowing ( Table 2 , Figure 1 a,b) and were infected with ‘ Ca.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…P. solani' and 'Ca. P. asteris' isolates [6,23,39,40,42,44], tested as controls in specificity assays, gave any product, nor did non-symptomatic bindweed isolates or 'Ca. P. solani'-infected symptomatic bindweeds collected in this study ( Figure 3).…”

Section: Application Of Novel 'Ca P Convolvuli'-specific Nested Pcrmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Given the epidemiological and ecological complexity of ‘ Ca. P. solani’-induced diseases [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ] and its evolutionary relatedness to ‘ Ca. P. convolvuli’, the focus of this study was to analyze the (co)occurrence of the two pathogens in shared host plant and related symptoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Symptomatology, (Co)occurrence and Differential Diagnostic PCR Identification of ‘Ca. Phytoplasma solani’ and ‘Ca. Phytoplasma convolvuli’ in Field Bindweed

et al. 2021

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Field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis) is one of the major natural plant hosts and reservoirs of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma solani’ (‘Ca. P. solani’), the causal agent of plant diseases in diverse agricultural crops, including Bois noir (BN) disease of grapevine. Phylogenetically, the most closely related phytoplasma to ‘Ca. P. solani’, the ‘Ca. P. convolvuli’, induces disease in field bindweed that is known by its symptoms as bindweed yellows (BY). The occurrence, coinfection and symptoms association of the two phytoplasmas in shared host plants were the subject of this study. Specific primers for the amplification of the elongation factor Tu gene (tuf) were developed for the identification of ‘Ca. P. convolvuli’ (by conventional nested PCR), as well as primers for simultaneous detection of ‘Ca. P. solani’ and ‘Ca. P. convolvuli’ by duplex SYBR Green real-time PCR. Among symptomatic bindweed plants, 25 and 41% were infected with a single phytoplasma species, ‘Ca. P. solani’ and ‘Ca. P. convolvuli’, respectively, while 34% were infected with both phytoplasmas. None of the non-symptomatic control plants carried phytoplasma, while non-symptomatic plants from our previous epidemiological studies in BN-affected vineyards were confirmed to be infected solely with ‘Ca. P. solani’. Stamp gene typing revealed Rqg50 and Rqg31 ‘Ca. P. solani’ genotypes in plants coinfected with ‘Ca. P. convolvuli’, while three diverse genotypes (Rqg50, GGY and Rpm35) were identified in a single locality with symptomatic bindweeds infected solely with ‘Ca. P. solani’. Variations in symptoms and their association with each of the phytoplasmas are described and documented. The symptom of bushy appearance could be single out as specific for ‘Ca. P. convolvuli’ infection, while occurrence of ‘Ca. P. solani’ could not be unequivocally associated with specific alterations in infected bindweeds. The results are discussed in the context of the epidemiological and ecological complexity of ‘Ca. P. solani’-induced diseases and the relationship between the two phytoplasma relatives in shared host plant.

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“…Platymetopius shirazicus, Agallia ribauti, Psammotettix alienus (Zamharir et al., 2019); Euscelis incisus (Jakovljević et al., 2020); Dictyophara europaea (Mitrovic et al., 2012); Austroagallia avicula (Khan et al., 2003); Diaphorina citri (Siampour et al., 2006)…”

Section: Pest Categorisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pest categorisation of the non‐EU phytoplasmas of tuber‐forming Solanum spp.

Bragard¹,

Dehnen‐Schmutz²,

Gonthier³

et al. 2020

EFS2

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Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of four phytoplasmas of tuber‐forming Solanum spp. known to occur only outside the EU or having a limited presence in the EU . The only tuber‐forming species of Solanum reported to be phytoplasma infected is S. tuberosum . This opinion covers ‘ Candidatus Phytoplasma americanum’, ‘ Ca . P. aurantifolia’‐related strains ( GD 32; St_ JO _10, 14, 17; PPT ‐ SA ; Rus‐343F; PPT ‐ GTO 29, ‐ GTO 30, ‐ SINTV ; Potato Huayao Survey 2; Potato hair sprouts), ‘ Ca . P. fragariae’‐related strains ( YN ‐169, YN ‐10G) and ‘ Ca . P. pruni’‐related strains (Clover yellow edge; Potato purple top AK pot7, MT 117, AK pot6; PPT ‐ COAHP , ‐ GTOP ). Phytoplasmas can be detected by molecular methods and are efficiently transmitted by vegetative propagation. Phytoplasmas are also transmitted in a persistent and propagative manner by some insects belonging to families within Cicadomorpha, Fulgoromorpha and Sternorrhyncha (order Hemiptera). No transovarial, pollen or seed transmission has been reported. The reported natural host range of the phytoplasmas categorised here varies from restricted (‘ Ca . P. americanum’, and ‘ Ca . P. fragariae’‐related strains) to wide (‘ Ca . P. aurantifolia’‐related strains and ‘ Ca . P. pruni’‐related strains), thus increasing the possible entry pathways in the latter case. S. tuberosum is widely cultivated in the EU . All the categorised phytoplasmas can enter and spread through the trade of host plants for planting, and by vectors. Establishment of these phytoplasmas is not expected to be limited by EU environmental conditions. The introduction of these phytoplasmas in the EU would have an economic impact. There are measures to reduce the risk of entry, establishment, spread and impact. Uncertainties result from limited information on distribution, biology and epidemiology. All the phytoplasmas categorised here meet the criteria evaluated by EFSA to qualify as potential Union quarantine pests, and they do not meet all the criteria to qualify as potential regulated non‐quarantine pests, because they do not occur or are not known to be widespread in the EU . ...

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Diversity of phytoplasmas identified in the polyphagous leafhopper Euscelis incisus (Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae) in Serbia: pathogen inventory, epidemiological significance and vectoring potential

Cited by 16 publications

References 67 publications

Proposal of A New Bois Noir Epidemiological Pattern Related to ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma Solani’ Strains Characterized by A Possible Moderate Virulence in Tuscany

Proposal of A New Bois Noir Epidemiological Pattern Related to ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma Solani’ Strains Characterized by A Possible Moderate Virulence in Tuscany

Symptomatology, (Co)occurrence and Differential Diagnostic PCR Identification of ‘Ca. Phytoplasma solani’ and ‘Ca. Phytoplasma convolvuli’ in Field Bindweed

Pest categorisation of the non‐EU phytoplasmas of tuber‐forming Solanum spp.

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