Diversity of piroplasms detected in blood-fed and questing ticks from several states in the United States

Shock, Barbara C.; Moncayo, Abelardo C.; Cohen, Sara; Mitchell, Elizabeth A.; Williamson, Phillip; Lopez, Gaylord; Garrison, Laurel E.; Yabsley, Michael J.

doi:10.1016/j.ttbdis.2014.01.003

Cited by 53 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Previously described PCR protocols based on ITS-1 region for piroplasmids (Shock et al, 2014) and 18S rRNA gene for Babesia/Theileria spp. (Jefferies et al, 2007), Cytauxzoon felis (Birkenheuer et al, 2006) and Hepatozoon spp.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tick-borne agents in domesticated and stray cats from the city of Campo Grande, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, midwestern Brazil

André

Herrera

Fernandes

et al. 2015

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tick-borne agents in domesticated and stray cats from the city of Campo Grande, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, midwestern Brazil

André

Herrera

Fernandes

et al. 2015

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases

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“…Babesiosis is a potentially life-threatening, zoonotic infection that can affect a variety of vertebrates, including cats, dogs, horses, cattle, and humans [2,42]. Pathologically, this piroplasm lives and multiples in erythrocytes, and is typically transmitted by ixodid ticks.…”

Section: Impact Of Babesia and Bbsl On Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, documentation of Babesia-positive I. scapularis ticks have been limited [39,40]. It is noteworthy that Babesia odocoilei has been reported in I. scapularis ticks collected in Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Wisconsin [41] and, likewise, in Pennsylvania [42]. The latter account specifically reports a human as the host of a B. odocoilei-positive I. scapularis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and Transstadial Passage of Babesia Species and Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato in Ticks Collected from Avian and Mammalian Hosts in Canada

et al. 2019

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Lyme disease and human babesiosis are the most common tick-borne zoonoses in the Temperate Zone of North America. The number of infected patients has continued to rise globally, and these zoonoses pose a major healthcare threat. This tick-host-pathogen study was conducted to test for infectious microbes associated with Lyme disease and human babesiosis in Canada. Using the flagellin (flaB) gene, three members of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (Bbsl) complex were detected, namely a Borrelia lanei-like spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto (Bbss), and a distinct strain that may represent a separate Bbsl genospecies. This novel Bbsl strain was detected in a mouse tick, Ixodes muris, collected from a House Wren, Troglodytes aedon, in Quebec during the southward fall migration. The presence of Bbsl in bird-feeding larvae of I. muris suggests reservoir competency in three passerines (i.e., Common Yellowthroat, House Wren, Magnolia Warbler). Based on the 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene, three Babesia species (i.e., Babesia divergens-like, Babesia microti, Babesia odocoilei) were detected in field-collected ticks. Not only was B. odocoilei found in songbird-derived ticks, this piroplasm was apparent in adult questing blacklegged ticks, Ixodes scapularis, in southern Canada. By allowing live, engorged ticks to molt, we confirm the transstadial passage of Bbsl in I. muris and B. odocoilei in I. scapularis. Bbss and Babesia microti were detected concurrently in a groundhog tick, Ixodes cookei, in Western Ontario. In Alberta, a winter tick, Dermacentor albipictus, which was collected from a moose, Alces alces, tested positive for Bbss. Notably, a B. divergens-like piroplasm was detected in a rabbit tick, Haemaphysalis leporispalustris, collected from an eastern cottontail in southern Manitoba; this Babesia species is a first-time discovery in Canada. This rabbit tick was also co-infected with Borrelia lanei-like spirochetes, which constitutes a first in Canada. Overall, five ticks were concurrently infected with Babesia and Bbsl pathogens and, after the molt, could potentially co-infect humans. Notably, we provide the first authentic report of I. scapularis ticks co-infected with Bbsl and B. odocoilei in Canada. The full extent of infectious microorganisms transmitted to humans by ticks is not fully elucidated, and clinicians need to be aware of the complexity of these tick-transmitted enzootic agents on human health. Diagnosis and treatment must be administered by those with accredited medical training in tick-borne zoonosis.

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“…In contrast, no C. felis-positive ticks were found among 743 A. americanum, 99 Amblyomma cajennense, 16 Amblyomma maculatum, 4 Ixodes scapularis, and 1 Ixodes woodi tick and 64 unidentified Amblyomma sp. nymphs (67).…”

Section: Tick Vectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Tales of Cytauxzoon felis Infections in Domestic Cats

Wang

et al. 2017

Clin Microbiol Rev

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Cytauxzoonosis is an emerging infectious disease that affects wild felids as well as the domestic cat; it is caused by the apicomplexan protozoan parasites belonging to the genus . is the species of major concern, whose transmission occurs via the bite of an infected tick. Cytauxzoonosis of the domestic cat has historically been considered uniformly fatal, with a short course of illness, and most domestic cats die within 9 to 15 days postinfection. However, increasing evidence of domestic cats surviving infection suggests the existence of different strains with various levels of pathogenicity. Although wild felids are considered natural reservoirs for this parasite, a number of studies suggest that domestic cats that have survived nonlethal infections may serve as an additional reservoir. The current article comprehensively reviews the parasite and its life cycle, geographic distribution, genetic variability, and pathogenesis, as well as host immunology and the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of infection in the domestic cat. This information should provide a basis for better understanding the parasite as well as the pathogenesis of the disease.

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Diversity of piroplasms detected in blood-fed and questing ticks from several states in the United States

Cited by 53 publications

References 86 publications

Tick-borne agents in domesticated and stray cats from the city of Campo Grande, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, midwestern Brazil

Tick-borne agents in domesticated and stray cats from the city of Campo Grande, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, midwestern Brazil

Detection and Transstadial Passage of Babesia Species and Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato in Ticks Collected from Avian and Mammalian Hosts in Canada

Two Tales of Cytauxzoon felis Infections in Domestic Cats

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