Diversity of tick species and associated pathogens on peri-urban wild boars – First report of the zoonotic Babesia cf. crassa from Hungary

Hornok, Sándor; Szekeres, Sándor; Horváth, Gábor; Takács, Nóra; Bekő, Katinka; Kontschán, Jenő; Gyuranecz, Miklós; Tóth, Barnabás; Sándor, Attila D.; Juhász, Alexandra; Beck, Relja; Farkas, Róbert

doi:10.1016/j.ttbdis.2022.101936

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Apart from the results obtained in the present study regarding the occurrence of piroplasmids in wild boars,Hornok et al (2022) recently detected Babesia canis and Babesia cf. crassa in four (2.42% [4/165]) D. reticulatus and one (3.4% [1/29]) H. concinna collected from wild boars in Hungary, respectively, using a 18S rRNA gene-based PCR assay.…”

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confidence: 77%

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Molecular detection of vector‐borne agents in wild boars ( Sus scrofa ) and associated ticks from Brazil, with evidence of putative new genotypes of Ehrlichia , Anaplasma , and haemoplasmas

Santana

Hoppe

Carraro

et al. 2022

Transbounding Emerging Dis

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The present study aimed to investigate, by molecular techniques, the occurrence of Anaplasmataceae, Bartonellaceae, Rickettsiaceae, Mycoplasmataceae, Coxiellaceae, and Babesiidae/Theileriidae agents in blood samples of free-living wild boars (Sus scrofa) and associated ticks in south-eastern Brazil. For this purpose, 67 blood samples and 265 ticks (264 Amblyomma sculptum and one Amblyomma ovale) were analysed.In the screening for Anaplasmataceae agents by a PCR assay based on the 16S rRNA gene, 5.97% blood samples and 50.54% ticks were positive. In the PCR assay for Ehrlichia spp. based on the dsb gene, 9.24% of ticks were positive. Despite the low occurrence, a possible new 16S rRNA genotype of Anaplasma sp. was detected in a wild boar's blood sample. According to phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA, gltA, and sodB genes and ITS (23S-5S rRNA) intergenic region, it was found that A. sculptum and A. ovale ticks collected from wild boars carry Ehrlichia genotypes phylogenetically associated with Ehrlichia ewingii, Ehrlichia ruminantium, and new Ehrlichia genotypes previously detected in horses, peccaries, and ticks collected from jaguars.In the screening for haemoplasmas by a qPCR based on the 16S rRNA gene, 88.06% of blood samples and 8.69% of ticks were positive. Mycoplasma suis, Mycoplasma parvum, and a possible new haemoplasma genotype were detected in wild boars in southeastern Brazil. In the screening for Bartonella spp. using a nuoG-based qPCR assay, 3.8% of tick samples were positive. Phylogenetic inferences positioned four nuoG and one r gltA Bartonella sequences into the same clade as Bartonella machadoae. No blood or tick samples from wild boars showed to be positive in the qPCR for Coxiella burnetii based on the IS1111 gene. On the other hand, only 1.6% of ticks were positive in the e2808

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confidence: 77%

“…Recently, Hornok et al. (2022), using a qPCR assay based on the groEL gene, detected A. phagocytophilum DNA in 19 ticks collected from boars in Hungary: 0.6% (1/165) in Dermacentor reticulatus , 10.34% (3/29) Haemaphysalis concinna , and 1.6% (15/90]) Ixodes ricinus .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular detection of vector‐borne agents in wild boars ( Sus scrofa ) and associated ticks from Brazil, with evidence of putative new genotypes of Ehrlichia , Anaplasma , and haemoplasmas

Santana

Hoppe

Carraro

et al. 2022

Transbounding Emerging Dis

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“…To the best of the authors' knowledge, Brucella has not been detected before in wild boar ticks. Previous molecular screenings failed to detect Brucella in wild boar ticks from Hungary [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…However, recent molecular screenings in wild boar (Sus scrofa) ticks from Hungary failed to detect Brucella spp. despite the high prevalence of B. suis in wild boars [22]. Nonetheless, the heterogeneity of brucellosis in different epidemiological settings is well known [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Brucella in Dermacentor Ticks of Wild Boar with Brucellosis

Rebollada-Merino,

Martínez,

Duque

et al. 2024

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases

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Brucellosis is a sanitary and economically relevant disease affecting humans, livestock, and wildlife. Ticks have been suggested as vectors, long-term carriers, and amplifiers of Brucella. In this study, ticks from wildlife ungulate hosts living in hunting reserves of a central region of Spain were collected during a 6-year period, pooled, and screened for Brucella spp. by PCR. Aiming to correlate Brucella spp. DNA presence in ticks with Brucella spp. infections in wildlife ungulate hosts, liver samples from deceased wildlife ungulates coming from the hunting reserves showing a positive result for Brucella in ticks were tested using a commercial ELISA. In total, 229 tick pools from wild boar (Sus scrofa, n = 176; 76.8%, 95% CI 70.9%–81.8%), red deer (Cervus elaphus, n = 40; 17.4%, 95% CI 13.1%–22.9%), mouflon (Ovis orientalis musimon, n = 7; 3.06%, 95% CI 1.49%–6.17%), and fallow deer (Dama dama, n = 6; 2.62%, 95% CI 1.21%–5.60%) were analyzed. PCR results showed that 3.93% (95% CI 2.08%–7.30%) tick pools (9/229) from 16.6% hunting reserves (7/41) screened yielded a positive PCR result for Brucella. All positive ticks were Dermacentor (Dermacentor marginatus or Dermacentor reticulatus) collected from wild boar. Ticks collected from wild boars were positive to Brucella in a relative percentage of 5.10% (95% CI = 1.61–11.4) in 2018 and of 7.59% (95% CI = 2.79–15.6) in 2021 (6-year prevalence of 5.17%, 9/176). ELISA showed positive results in three wild boars coming from two out of seven hunting reserves (28.5%) with a positive PCR for Brucella in ticks. To conclude, Brucella spp. DNA can be detected in Dermacentor ticks parasitizing wild boars living in hunting reserves harboring Brucella spp.-seropositive wild boars. This study provides evidence that the contribution of arthropod vectors should be considered in the epidemiology of brucellosis in wildlife.

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“…600-bp-long fragment of the heat shock chaperonin (GroEL) gene of A. phagocytophilum was also attempted (Alberti et al, 2005). The primers EphplGroEL(569)F (5 0 -ATG GTA TGC AGT TTG ATC GC-3 0 ) and EphGroEL(1142)R (5 0 -TTG AGT ACA GCA ACA CCA CCG GAA-3 0 ) were used as reported (Hornok et al, 2022b). Sequence-verified A. phagocytophilum DNA from a dog (code VE39) was used as positive control.…”

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confidence: 99%

Zoonotic ecotype-I of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in sympatric wildcat, pine marten and red squirrel – Short communication

Hornok

Boldogh

Takács

et al. 2022

AVet

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Anaplasma phagocytophilum is the causative agent of granulocytic anaplasmosis in humans, dogs, cats, horses and tick-borne fever in ruminants. In Europe, its main vector is the tick species Ixodes ricinus. In this study, spleen and liver samples, as well as ticks from 18 wild-living mammals (belonging to seven species) were analysed for the presence of A. phagocytophilum with molecular methods. The zoonotic ecotype-I of A. phagocytophilum was identified in a European wildcat (Felis silvestris) and its tick, a European pine marten (Martes martes) and a Eurasian red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris). All PCR-positive samples were collected in 2019 and originated in the same geographic area. These results indicate that taxonomically diverse mammalian species can maintain the local enzootic cycle of the same genotype of A. phagocytophilum. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the zoonotic variant of A. phagocytophilum in the wildcat and in the European pine marten in a broad geographical context, as well as in the red squirrel in Hungary. Since all these host species are well known for their urban and peri-urban presence, the results of this study verify their role in the synanthropic enzootic cycle of granulocytic anaplasmosis and tick-borne fever.

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Diversity of tick species and associated pathogens on peri-urban wild boars – First report of the zoonotic Babesia cf. crassa from Hungary

Cited by 8 publications

References 34 publications

Molecular detection of vector‐borne agents in wild boars ( Sus scrofa ) and associated ticks from Brazil, with evidence of putative new genotypes of Ehrlichia , Anaplasma , and haemoplasmas

Molecular detection of vector‐borne agents in wild boars ( Sus scrofa ) and associated ticks from Brazil, with evidence of putative new genotypes of Ehrlichia , Anaplasma , and haemoplasmas

Detection of Brucella in Dermacentor Ticks of Wild Boar with Brucellosis

Zoonotic ecotype-I of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in sympatric wildcat, pine marten and red squirrel – Short communication

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