Division of Biochemistry: Hormonal Regulation of Nucleic Acid and Protein Synthesis*

O’Malley, Bert W.

doi:10.1111/j.2164-0947.1969.tb02930.x

Cited by 36 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 100 publications

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“…Another apparent weakness of the present hypothesis is the frequent ex-:ression of doubt concerning the feasibility of 3',5'-AMP's being able to function as a nearly universal second nessenger in so many different tissue -esponses (100). Rephrased, the ques-:ion would be an expression of con-.ern about the ability of Ca2 + and 3',5'-AMP to serve as nearly universal ;econd messengers.…”

Section: The Control Systemmentioning

confidence: 83%

Cell Communication, Calcium Ion, and Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate

Rasmussen

1970

Science

1,071

270

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The hypothesis advanced in this article requires further validation. Undoubtedly it will require modification as our knowledge of biochemical control increases. Nevertheless, it should prove useful in focusing attention on the apparent similarity in the response of a large number of specific cell types to particular stimuli. Emphasis has been placed on a few common and apparently key elements in these responses. It is recognized that other factors are undoubtedly involved. Specifically, the changes in membrane potentials indicate the likelihood of widespread changes in the properties of the cell membrane, for example, changes in Na(+) and K(+) transport and distribution. These aspects of cellular responses may eventually prove to be of equal or greater importance than those common aspects of the system already identified.

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Section: The Control Systemmentioning

confidence: 83%

Cell Communication, Calcium Ion, and Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate

Rasmussen

1970

Science

1,071

270

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“…The amino-acid-accepting capacity of polysomes was calculated from the acid-precipitable radioactivity of polysomes corrected for radioactivity of the amino acid pool. The rate of protein release by polysomes was calculated from the acid precipitable radioactivity in the "post-nuclear" supernatant fraction corrected for radioactivity of the amino acid pool A current hypothesis concerning the mechanism of action of steroid hormones contends that they control gene expression by increasing the rate of synthesis of mRNAs coding for specific proteins [42]. Such a model has been developed in the case of aldosterone [14,15].…”

Section: Effect Of Aldosterone On Amino-acid Incorporation Into Polysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Aldosterone on RNA and Protein Synthesis in the Toad Bladder

Rousseau¹,

Crabbé²

1972

European Journal of Biochemistry

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The hypothesis of a stimulatory effect of aldosterone on RNA, and consequently protein synthesis has been investigated. The influence of this hormone on the incorporation of precursors into RNA and protein was examined in the toad urinary bladder through which sodium transport is stimulated by aldosterone in vitro.Aldosterone increases total nuclear RNA synthesis and also uridine uptake. Particular fractions of this RNA characterized by density gradient centrifugation might be specifically influenced. No effect of aldosterone on cytoplasmic RNA turn-over rate or on mRNA synthesis could be demonstrated. Examination of the pattern of protein synthesis a t the polysome level, of ribosome processing, and of protein turn-over rate also failed to disclose any definite influence of aldosterone on these parameters.The proposal that the effect of aldosterone on sodium transport is mediated by its action on transcription and translation in target tissues remains therefore founded on indirect evidence to date.The urinary bladder of the toad, Bufo marinus,

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Growth and differentiation of the testes in the large milkweed bug, Oncopeltus fasciatus (Dallas)

Economopoulos

Gordon

1971

J. Exp. Zool.

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During the fourth instar there is a five-fold increase i n testis volume, caused by mitotic proliferation of spermatogonia that leads to accumulation of many layers of cysts of resting spermatocytes. At the beginning of the fifth instar the basal cysts undergo meiotic division, and a wave of meiosis followed by spermateleosis progresses apically. There is little or no spermatogonial multiplication; the three-fold increase in testis size involves primarily spermatocyte differentiation. The wave of differentiation continues at a slower rate in the young adult; most of the spermatocyte cysts are transformed into about 250,000 spermatozoa by the twelfth day. Multinucleate apical cells that stain deeply with Feulgen reagent are present in the early fourth instar, enlarge i n the fifth, and persist in the adult testis.Spermatocyte differentiation is not affected by treatment of nymphs with a synthetic juvenile hormone analog during the fourth or fifth instar, although the treatment causes moderate to high juvenilization at the metamorphic molt. Since late fourth-instar testes transplanted into mature male or female adults also undergo extensive transformation of spermatocytes into spermatozoa, molting is not required for differentiation. Treatment of late fourth or early fifth instar nymphs with the chemosterilant tretamine causes high mortality at the metamorphic molt, but the wave of spermatocyte differentiation during the fifth instar proceeds normally, although there is evidence of severe chromosome damage.Comparisons with development in the female of Oncopeltus and in other insect species suggest that there is a profound change in the biochemical milieu at the molt from fourth to fifth instar, many processes preceding this molt tending to be larval in character and to diminish or disappear afterward while processes normally occurring after the molt tend to be adultoid.

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Division of Biochemistry: Hormonal Regulation of Nucleic Acid and Protein Synthesis*

Cited by 36 publications

References 100 publications

Cell Communication, Calcium Ion, and Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate

Cell Communication, Calcium Ion, and Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate

Effects of Aldosterone on RNA and Protein Synthesis in the Toad Bladder

Growth and differentiation of the testes in the large milkweed bug, Oncopeltus fasciatus (Dallas)

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