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La transformation des pratiques sociales auprès des familles en difficulté : du « paternalisme » à une approche centrée sur les forces et les compétences

“…Dans un tel contexte, la finalité de l'intervention n'est pas d'apprendre aux parents ce qu'ils doivent faire afin de mieux élever leurs enfants, mais plutôt de viser leur empowerment et le développement de leurs forces et de leurs compétences. Toutefois, bien que certains changements d'attitudes et de langage soient apparus au cours des dernières années, Noble, Perkins et Fatout (2000) affirment que la focalisation sur les problèmes et les pathologies demeure particulièrement présente dans les services sociaux, notamment dans les services destinés aux enfants. Terrisse et Larose (2002) soulignent que les changements que l'on remarque dans le discours des intervenants sont loin d'être toujours observés dans les faits, car les nouvelles philosophies d'intervention auprès des familles en difficulté se heurtent à des attitudes profondément enracinées chez les professionnels et les parents.…”

The use of coaching strategies within the field of social work

“…The following characteristics are included in coaching: asking powerful questions and viewing the client as the most knowledgeable person in their situation (Haight et al, 2005), involving clients in setting goals that are achievable (Heimendinger et al, 2007), adjusting methods to fit the client (Wasylyshyn, Shorey, & Chaffin, 2012), recognising the clients' strengths (Ives, 2008), empowering clients to make changes (Noble, Perkins, & Fatout, 2000), observing behaviour and providing feedback (Rush & Sheldon, 2011) and being more future-rather than past-oriented (Hart, Blattner, & Leipsic, 2001). These specific techniques are seen in abundance throughout the coaching literature (Haight et al, 2005;Hart et al, 2001;Heimendinger et al, 2007;Ives, 2008;Noble et al, 2000;Rush & Sheldon, 2011;Wasylyshyn et al, 2012) and thus, have been integrated into the definition of coaching, as used in this article.…”

“…These specific techniques are seen in abundance throughout the coaching literature (Haight et al, 2005;Hart et al, 2001;Heimendinger et al, 2007;Ives, 2008;Noble et al, 2000;Rush & Sheldon, 2011;Wasylyshyn et al, 2012) and thus, have been integrated into the definition of coaching, as used in this article. It can be noted, however, that many of these techniques are also found in other helping professions, including social work.…”

“…The social worker uses powerful questioning to help aid the client in brainstorming solutions (Berg & Szabó, 2005;Miller, 2012). Noble et al (2000) exemplified several cases where this type of approach was successful with court-mandated clients.…”

“…More specifically, LePage and Garcia-Rea (2012) suggested the use of lifestyle coaching to help improve relapse rates among homeless populations suffering from drug addictions because the clients were able to choose certain aspects of their recovery, including identifying healthy behaviours to adopt, such as coping behaviours and healthy social interactions. Lifestyle coaching is defined as the use of coaching strategies, for example, empowering clients to make positive changes (Noble et al, 2000), which include helping the homeless adopt positive lifestyle characteristics.…”