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Condensed Matter Physics Using Nuclear Resonant Scattering

“…Furthermore, the recoilless fraction at the nuclear resonance absorption of gamma radiation provides information on lattice dynamics. In addition, the ultranarrow width of the excited states of the nuclide compared with the excited state energy (for example, the width of the first nuclear excited state of 57 Fe is 4.7 neV, while the excited state energy is 14.4 keV) can be used to study the slow dynamics of macromolecules and the glass transition. Mössbauer spectroscopy, which uses the recoilless nuclear resonant absorption effect known as the ''Mössbauer effect'', allows us to make use of these advantageous features.…”

“…3) Attempts to observe nuclear resonant excitation with SR were reported in 1978, [4][5][6] and Gerdau et al reported the clear observation of the nuclear Bragg scattering of SR by 57 Fe in a single crystal in 1985. 7) In 1991, nuclear resonant forward scattering by 57 Fe in iron foil in the time domain was observed. 8) This showed that examining polycrystalline samples is meaningful with this method.…”

“…Other spectroscopic methods using nuclear resonant forward scattering have also been developed; the heterodyne (stroboscopic) detection method, [9][10][11] and a spectroscopic method that uses the ''nuclear lighthouse effect''. 12) On the other hand, Mössbauer spectra the same as the traditional Mössbauer spectra with RI sources can be measured using synchrotron Mössbauer sources obtained with pure nuclear Bragg scattering, [13][14][15] although 57 Fe has been the only available nuclide so far. Recently, a method yielding Mössbauer absorption-type spectra has been developed, and this method is not limited to 57 Fe and can be applied to many other Mössbauer nuclides.…”

“…12) On the other hand, Mössbauer spectra the same as the traditional Mössbauer spectra with RI sources can be measured using synchrotron Mössbauer sources obtained with pure nuclear Bragg scattering, [13][14][15] although 57 Fe has been the only available nuclide so far. Recently, a method yielding Mössbauer absorption-type spectra has been developed, and this method is not limited to 57 Fe and can be applied to many other Mössbauer nuclides. 16) The use of SR allows information to be gained from nuclear resonant scattering events that involve the creation or annihilation of quanta of lattice vibrations, i.e., phonons, and this was shown in 1994, when the phonon energy spectrum of 57 Fe in iron foil was measured.…”

“…Recently, a method yielding Mössbauer absorption-type spectra has been developed, and this method is not limited to 57 Fe and can be applied to many other Mössbauer nuclides. 16) The use of SR allows information to be gained from nuclear resonant scattering events that involve the creation or annihilation of quanta of lattice vibrations, i.e., phonons, and this was shown in 1994, when the phonon energy spectrum of 57 Fe in iron foil was measured. 17) Since then, the nuclear resonant inelastic scattering method has been implemented in a wide range of applications; one of the important features of this method is that it can be used to obtain the element-specific phonon density of states.…”