DNA (Cell Number) and Protein in Neonatal Rat Brain: Alteration by Timing of Maternal Dietary Protein Restriction

Zamenhof, Stephen; Marthens, Edith van; Grauel, Ludmila

doi:10.1093/jn/101.9.1265

Cited by 87 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…On day 21 of life, the body and organ weights of these malnourished pups were significantly less than those of controls, and the pups were chemically immature judging from their water, fat, and protein contents. Although it has been established that developing brain is highly resistant to maternal malnutrition during gestation and/or suckling (23)(24)(25), the brain of our malnour ished pups showed considerable growth impairment, indicating that the pups were severely undernourished.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Effects of postnatal undernutrition on the catecholamine and serotonin contents of suckling rat brain.

Hisatomi

Niiyama

1980

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, J Nutr Sci Vit

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SummaryThe effect of postnatal undernutrition on the catecholamine and serotonin contents of various parts of the brain of suckling rats was examined. Undernourishment was induced by increasing the litter size to 18 pups from day 1 to 21 after birth. In control pups, the total amounts of norepinephrine and dopamine in the whole brain increased greatly during the suckling period (norepinephrine: 17.7ng at birth, 154ng on day 10, and 420ng on day 21; dopamine: 12.6ng at birth, 269ng on day 10, and 1,022ng on day 21). Similar, but less marked increases in the norepinephrine and dopamine contents of the brain were observed in malnourished pups. The norepinephrine contents of the forebrain, cerebellum, and brain stem of malnourished pups were comparable with those of normal pups on day 10 but the contents of the cerebellum and brain stem were significantly less than those of normal pups on day 21. Postnatal malnutrition also led to a significant decrease in the dopamine content of the forebrain. In contrast, the serotonin content of the brain of undernourished pups was significantly higher than that of controls. The activities of tyrosine hydroxylase in the forebrain and brain stem of control pups at the end of suckling period were significantly higher than those of undernourished pups (forebrain: 18.3pmol in controls and 11.5 pmol in malnourished pups; brain stem: 12.3pmol in controls and 9.8 pmol in malnourished pups). The tyrosine hydroxylase activity (pmol/g) correlated more closely with the norepinephrine content than with the dopamine or norepinephrine plus dopamine content. The tyrosine and phenylalanine contents of the brain were similar in the two groups. It is concluded from these findings that the catecholamine content of the brain is regulated by the enzyme activity rather than the levels of precursor amino acids. Keywords brain catecholamine (CA), serotonin, tyrosine hydroxylase, early postnatal malnutrition, lactation, brain free amino acids 279

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Effects of postnatal undernutrition on the catecholamine and serotonin contents of suckling rat brain.

Hisatomi

Niiyama

1980

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, J Nutr Sci Vit

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“…In the postweaning rat, protein-calorie deficiency alters the size of brain [6, 20. 24], reduces its weight [15,17,19,23,26,63,67] and afTects cell numbers [5,48,64,65,67], Starvation or undernutrition has been shown to result in a reduction in the density of axons in the intragranular layers of the cerebral cortex [26], a decrease in the size and dendritic growth of cortical neurones [7,34] and in creased density of neurones resulting from a retardation in the development of neuropil [19], Significant reductions in the cortical dimensions [17] and the spine density of the layer V pyramids in frontal and occipital areas [51] have also been reported. Both light and electron microscopic studies have reveal ed changes in the synaptic structure resulting from undernourishment [7,8,19,25,33,38,39,51].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Undernutrition on the Visually Evoked Responses in Rats during Development

Puthuraya¹,

Nayar²,

Deo³

et al. 1980

Dev Neurosci

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Effects of postnatal undernutrition on the maturation of the visually evoked responses (VERs) were investigated in rats. The VERs were recorded from the surface of the visual cortex in response to a flash of light. In the normal animals as age advanced, various components of the response appeared, their latencies shortened with an augmentation of their amplitude. The ability to follow repetitive stimulation at higher frequencies was also found to increase with age. In the undernourished rats, the appearance of the first positive wave (P₁) was delayed, the latencies of P₁ and the first negative wave (N₁) were prolonged and the amplitudes were smaller as compared with their normal counterparts. These animals were unable to follow repetitive stimulation at higher frequencies. Though protein-calorie malnutrition retarded the ontogenetic maturation of the visual system, rehabilitation led to a significant ''catch up''.

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“…Results similar to those of Zeman and Stanbrough (1969) were reported by Zamenhof, Van Marthens and Grauel (1971) who fed albino rats a proteinfree diet during five periods of pregnancy: days 0 to 10, 10 to 15, 13 to 18, 15 to 20 or 10 to 20, and a normal diet during the remaining time.…”

Section: Nutrition and Cell Developmentsupporting

confidence: 88%

Effect of starter nutrition on compensatory growth and development of swine

Khajarern

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DNA (Cell Number) and Protein in Neonatal Rat Brain: Alteration by Timing of Maternal Dietary Protein Restriction

Cited by 87 publications

References 22 publications

Effects of postnatal undernutrition on the catecholamine and serotonin contents of suckling rat brain.

Effects of postnatal undernutrition on the catecholamine and serotonin contents of suckling rat brain.

Effects of Undernutrition on the Visually Evoked Responses in Rats during Development

Effect of starter nutrition on compensatory growth and development of swine

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