Effects of Undernutrition on the Visually Evoked Responses in Rats during Development

Puthuraya, Kukkadi Padmanabha; Nayar, U; Deo, M. G.; Manchanda, Smita

doi:10.1159/000112389

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…We chose to examine the effects of protein restriction as a means to institute malnutrition because of the significant amount of work relating how dietary protein levels influence somatic growth (Kanarek et al, 1986), the development of dendritic morphology (Benitez-Bribiesca et al, 1999; Cordero et al, 2003), neurogenesis (King et al, 2002, 2004), sensory development (Puthuraya et al, 1980; Sjostrom et al, 1984, 1985, 1987a,b; Almli et al, 1985; Conradi et al, 1985, 1989, 1990; Sjostrom and Conradi, 1987, 1989; Conradi and Sjostrom, 1989; Vilela et al, 2005), as well as influence a variety of behaviors and underlying neural circuits (Cintra et al, 1997; Morgane et al, 2002; Mokler et al, 2003). Clearly, other dietary manipulations may yield similar (or different) results than found here because insufficient amounts of a single nutrient can significantly alter nervous system development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of dietary protein restriction on chorda tympani nerve taste responses and terminal field organization

Thomas

Hill

2008

Neuroscience

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Prenatal dietary sodium restriction produces profound developmental effects on rat functional taste responses and formation of neural circuits in the brainstem. Converging evidence indicates that the underlying mechanisms for these effects are related to a compromised nutritional state and not to direct stimulus-receptor interactions. We explored whether early malnourishment produces similar functional and structural effects to those seen following dietary sodium restriction by using a protein deficient, sodium replete diet. To determine if early dietary protein-restriction affects the development of the peripheral gustatory system, multi-fiber neurophysiological recordings were made from the chorda tympani nerve and anterograde track tracing of the chorda tympani nerve into the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) was accomplished in rats fed a protein-restricted or a control diet (6% and 20%, respectively). The dietary regimens began on embryonic day 7 and continued until rats were used for neurophysiological recordings (postnatal days (P) 35-50) or for chorda tympani terminal field labeling (P40-50). Responses to a concentration series of NaCl, sodium acetate, KCl, and to 0.50 M sucrose, 0.03 M quinine-HCl, and 0.01 N HCl revealed attenuated responses (30-60%) to sodium-specific stimuli in rats fed the 6% protein diet compared with those fed the 20% protein diet. Responses to all other stimuli were similar between groups. Terminal field volumes were nearly twofold larger in protein-restricted rats compared with controls, with the differences located primarily in the dorsal-caudal zone of the terminal field. These results are similar to the results seen previously in rats fed a sodium-restricted diet throughout pre-and postnatal development, suggesting that dietary sodium-and protein-restriction share similar mechanisms in altering gustatory development. Keywordsnucleus of the solitary tract; gustation; development; prenatal diet; plasticity . E-mail address: dh2t@virginia.edu (D. L. Hill). Publisher's Disclaimer: This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues. Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. In most cases authors are permitted to post their version of the article (e.g. in Word or Tex form) to their personal website or institutional repository. Authors requiring further information regarding Elsevier's archiving and manuscript policies are encouraged to visit: http://www.elsevier.com/copyright NIH Public Access Sensory systems adapt to environmental influences by coordinated alterations in structure and function, often referred to as "plastic" changes. Unlike other sensory systems, there is a remarkable amount of environmentally induced plasticity resident in peripheral and brainstem g...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of dietary protein restriction on chorda tympani nerve taste responses and terminal field organization

Thomas

Hill

2008

Neuroscience

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“…Similar changes may underlie the visual motor deficits that persist for several years following acute lead intoxication in children [Bradley and Baumgartner, 19581. In other studies, the ontogeny of the VER has been used to detect the often subtle effects of hormonal manipulations [Salas and Schapiro, 19701, nutritional status [Mourek et al, 1967;Puthuraya et al, 1980;Bronzino et al, 19751, environmental lighting [Parnavelas, 19761, and rearing in a visually enriched environment [MailIoux et al, 19741. Developmental studies of the VER can provide an extremely sensitive indicator of altered nervous-system function resulting from perinatal exposure to a diverse group of agents or conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, measurement of the VER as a function of age in the neonate can provide a sensitive index of CNS development and maturation. For example, the VER has been used to study the effects of neonatal malnutrition [Puthuraya et al, 1980;Bronzino et al, 19751 and low-level maternal lead consumption [Fox et al, 19771. The sensitivity of the VER makes it well suited for detecting even subtle effects of 60-Hz electric-field exposure on the developing nervous system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perinatal exposure to 60‐Hz electric fields: Effects on the development of the visual‐evoked response in rats

Jaffe

Lopresti

Carr

et al. 1983

Bioelectromagnetics

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Two independent series of experiments were performed on 114 male Sprague-Dawleyderived, albino rat pups, which represented 61 litters in experimental series I and 53 litters in experimental series 11. Animals were exposed for 20 h/day from conception to testing (postnatal days 11-20) to a vertical, 65-kV/m, 60-Hz electric field or sham-exposed.Recordings of the visual-evoked response (VER) were obtained using a small silver ball elcctrode placed epidurally over the visual cortex. Visual stimuli consisted of 10-ps light flashes delivered at 0.2 Hz. Computer-averaged VERs were obtained and power spectral analyses (fast Fourier transform) were performed on the tapered (split cosine-bell window), averaged VERs. The expected age-related changes were clearly evident; however, a detailed analysis of VER component latencies, peak-to-peak amplitude, and power spectra failed to reveal any consistent, statistically significant effect of exposure to 60-Hz electric fields.

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“…Various experimental studies have suggested an interplay between these factors and ABR, noting the possibility of the existence of serious erroneous assumptions among clinical studies. For instance, severe food deprivation in rats influences the ABR until the age of 43 days (Puthuraya et al, 1980;Plantz et al, 1981;Kawai et al, 1989). This effect seems to be triggered by altered production of oligodendrocytes (Kawai et al, 1989).…”

Section: Pathophysiology Myelinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal cocaine exposure and its impact on cognitive functions of offspring: a pathophysiological insight

Gkioka

Korou

Daskalopoulou

et al. 2016

Reviews in the Neurosciences

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It is estimated that approximately 0.5%-3% of fetuses are prenatally exposed to cocaine (COC). The neurodevelopmental implications of this exposure are numerous and include motor skill impairments, alterations of social function, predisposition to anxiety, and memory function and attention deficits; these implications are commonly observed in experimental studies and ultimately affect both learning and IQ. According to previous studies, the clinical manifestations of prenatal COC exposure seem to persist at least until adolescence. The pathophysiological cellular processes that underlie these impairments include dysfunctional myelination, disrupted dendritic architecture, and synaptic alterations. On a molecular level, various neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, catecholamines, and γ-aminobutyric acid seem to participate in this process. Finally, prenatal COC abuse has been also associated with functional changes in the hormones of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis that mediate neuroendocrine responses. The purpose of this review is to summarize the neurodevelopmental consequences of prenatal COC abuse, to describe the pathophysiological pathways that underlie these consequences, and to provide implications for future research in the field.

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Effects of Undernutrition on the Visually Evoked Responses in Rats during Development

Cited by 14 publications

References 32 publications

The effects of dietary protein restriction on chorda tympani nerve taste responses and terminal field organization

The effects of dietary protein restriction on chorda tympani nerve taste responses and terminal field organization

Perinatal exposure to 60‐Hz electric fields: Effects on the development of the visual‐evoked response in rats

Prenatal cocaine exposure and its impact on cognitive functions of offspring: a pathophysiological insight

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