Prenatal cocaine exposure and its impact on cognitive functions of offspring: a pathophysiological insight

Gkioka, Eleana; Korou, Laskarina Maria; Daskalopoulou, Afrodite; Misitzi, Angelica; Batsidis, Eleni; Bakoyiannis, Ioannis; Pergialiotis, Vasilios

doi:10.1515/revneuro-2015-0064

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 153 publications

(173 reference statements)

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“…Interspecies extrapolations will be carefully avoided to ensure sound conclusions. The authors refer to excellent preclinical studies' reviews (Bruin et al, 2010;Schneider et al, 2011;Ross et al, 2015;Gkioka et al, 2016;Comasco et al, 2018;Scheyer et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Differences in the Outcome of Offspring Prenatally Exposed to Drugs of Abuse

Traccis

Frau

Melis

2020

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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Despite great efforts to warn pregnant women that drugs of abuse impact development of the embryo and the fetus, the use of legal and illegal drugs by childbearing women is still a major public health concern. In parallel with well-established teratogenic effects elicited by some drugs of abuse, epidemiological studies show that certain psychoactive substances do not induce birth defects but lead to subtle neurobehavioral alterations in the offspring that manifest as early as during infancy. Although gender differences in offspring susceptibility have not been fully investigated, a number of longitudinal studies indicate that male and female progeny exposed in utero to drugs of abuse show different vulnerabilities to deleterious effects of these substances in cognitive, executive, and behavioral domains. Here, we briefly review the existing literature focusing on gender differences in the neurobehavioral consequences of maternal exposure to drugs of abuse. Overall, the data strongly indicate that male exposed progeny are more susceptible than female to dysfunctions in cognitive processing and emotional regulation. However, insights into the mechanisms determining this natural phenomenon are not currently available. Our analysis prompts future investigations to implement clinical studies including the influence of gender/sex as a biological variable in the outcome of offspring prenatally exposed to drugs of abuse.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Differences in the Outcome of Offspring Prenatally Exposed to Drugs of Abuse

Traccis

Frau

Melis

2020

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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“…Cocaine consumption has increased over recent years; it is estimated that approximately 0.5–3% of fetuses are prenatally exposed to cocaine. Cocaine consumption during the first trimester of gestation seems to be associated with increased adverse neurological and developmental effects (Gkioka et al ., ).…”

Section: Environmental Chemical Agents and Their Effect On L1‐rtpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long INterspersed element‐1 mobility as a sensor of environmental stresses

Giorgi

2020

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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Long INterspersed element (LINE-1, L1) retrotransposons are the most abundant transposable elements in the human genome, constituting approximately 17%. They move by a "copy-paste" mechanism, involving reverse transcription of an RNA intermediate and insertion of its cDNA copy at a new site in the genome. L1 retrotransposition (L1-RTP) can cause insertional mutations, alter gene expression, transduce exons, and induce epigenetic dysregulation. L1-RTP is generally repressed; however, a number of observations collected over about 15 years revealed that it can occur in response to environmental stresses. Moreover, emerging evidence indicates that L1-RTP can play a role in the onset of several neurological and oncological diseases in humans. In recent years, great attention has been paid to the exposome paradigm, which proposes that health effects of an environmental factor should be evaluated considering both cumulative environmental exposures and the endogenous processes resulting from the biological response. L1-RTP could be an endogenous process considered for this application. Here, we summarize the current understanding of environmental factors that can affect the retrotransposition of human L1 elements. Evidence indicates that L1-RTP alteration is triggered by numerous and various environmental stressors, such as chemical agents (heavy metals, carcinogens, oxidants, and drugs), physical agents (ionizing and non-ionizing radiations), and experiential factors (voluntary exercise, social isolation, maternal care, and environmental light/dark cycles). These data come from in vitro studies on cell lines and in vivo studies on transgenic animals: future investigations should be focused on physiologically relevant models to gain a better understanding of this topic.

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“…It is now known that prenatal cocaine exposure can have long-term effects on motor skills Giants in Obstetrics and Gynecology ajog.org and social functions in the offspring, and its properties may predispose the offspring to anxiety and attention deficit disorder. 7…”

Section: Cocaine Decreases Uterine Blood Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Giants in Obstetrics and Gynecology Series: a profile of Robert Resnik, MD

Romero

2021

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

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UCSD), has made seminal contributions to the understanding of the physiology of uterine blood flow with the implementation of state-of-the-art experimental techniques. Throughout his career, his work has provided insights into the role of estrogens in increasing the uterine blood flow and the effects of environmental factors, such as nicotine and cocaine use, on the regulation of the uterine circulation. His clinical studies on the frequency of white-matter lesions in the fetal brain contributed to the identification of fetal injury as a cause of the neurodevelopmental disorders observed in children born preterm; his studies also identified the role of intraamniotic infection and vascular anastomosis in monozygotic twins. Dr Resnik is recognized herein as a Giant in Obstetrics and Gynecology. Early life, medical school, and residencyBorn in 1938, Bob grew up in New Haven, Connecticut, and completed his undergraduate education at Yale University. He carried forth a family tradition-his father and brother were graduates of Yale University and Yale Law School. Two of his uncles, who were internists, represented the profession of medicine. On his graduation from Yale, Bob attended Case

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Prenatal cocaine exposure and its impact on cognitive functions of offspring: a pathophysiological insight

Cited by 10 publications

References 153 publications

Gender Differences in the Outcome of Offspring Prenatally Exposed to Drugs of Abuse

Gender Differences in the Outcome of Offspring Prenatally Exposed to Drugs of Abuse

Long INterspersed element‐1 mobility as a sensor of environmental stresses

Giants in Obstetrics and Gynecology Series: a profile of Robert Resnik, MD

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