DNA damage in leukocytes and buccal and nasal epithelial cells of individuals exposed to air pollution in Mexico City

Valverde, Mahara; López, Manuel Gómez; López, Irma Araceli Aburto; Sánchez, I. H.; Fortoul, Teresa I.; Ostrosky‐Wegman, Patricia; Rojas, Emilio

doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2280(1997)30:2<147::aid-em7>3.3.co;2-p

Cited by 3 publications

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“…The findings of our study indicate that buccal epithelial cells could also be used for evaluating the topically applied mouthrinse. The present study confirmed the results of other studies in which buccal cells were used for cytogenetic evaluation [18,21,29].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Monitoring of buccal epithelial cells by alkaline comet assay (single cell gel electrophoresis technique) in cytogenetic evaluation of chlorhexidine

Eren

Özmeriç

Şardaş

2002

Clinical Oral Investigations

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During the last few years, there has been increasing interest in buccal epithelial cells for cytogenetic evaluation of different materials. In the present study, the use of these cells and peripheral lymphocytes for cytogenetic evaluation of chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) with comet assay (single cell gel electrophoresis, or SCGE) is reported. This technique detects DNA strand breaks in individual cells in alkaline conditions. Thirteen volunteers were requested to rinse their mouths with 0.12% CHX solution for 18 days. Buccal epithelial cells and peripheral blood lymphocytes were obtained from all participants at baseline and the end of the experimental period. One hundred cells per subject were analysed for the DNA damage. A statistical increase was observed in the damaged buccal and blood cells after the CHX application. The mean grade of damage in buccal cells was statistically different from that in blood cells. Due to minimal absorption of chlorhexidine into the tissues and low concentrations of free chlorhexidine in the oral cavity, the DNA damage produced by chlorhexidine in lymphocytes was lower than in buccal epithelial cells. As chlorhexidine does not accumulate in the body, the frequencies of DNA damage could be transient. Detected DNA damage after CHX use might be the indication of an earlier effect, before DNA repair begins, and could be reversible.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Monitoring of buccal epithelial cells by alkaline comet assay (single cell gel electrophoresis technique) in cytogenetic evaluation of chlorhexidine

Eren

Özmeriç

Şardaş

2002

Clinical Oral Investigations

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“…Several other cytogenetic techniques such as sister chromatid exchange (SCE), chromosomal aberration, and micronuclei assay have been used to evaluate the type and degree of such mutagenic behavior at a chromosomal level . The single-cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE), or comet assay, has also been used in similar studies [Calderon-Garciduenas et al, 1997;Valverde et al, 1997].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of air pollution and smoking on DNA damage of human lymphocytes

Piperakis

Petrakou

Tsilimigaki

2000

Environ. Mol. Mutagen.

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“…Studies (Calderón-Garcidueñas et al, 1996;Valverde et al, 1997) have demonstrated an increase in DNA damage in nasal epithelial cells of people exposed to urban air pollution. Ozone and NO 2 are the major oxidants that coexist in photochemical smog.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Poly(adp-Ribose) Synthetase Activity in Alveolar Macrophages of Rats Exposed to Nitrogen Dioxide and Ozone

Bermúdez

2001

Inhalation Toxicology

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The toxic effects of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3) are mediated through the formation of free radicals, which can cause DNA strand breaks. The present study demonstrates that exposure to NO2 and O3 causes a stimulation of poly(ADP-ribose) (polyADPR) synthetase in alveolar macrophages of rats. Three-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats, specific pathogen free, were exposed to either 1.2 ppm NO2 or 0.3 ppm O3 alone or a combination of these 2 oxidants continuously for 3 days. The control group was exposed to filtered room air. To evaluate whether exposure to these two oxidants (NO2 and O3) caused DNA damage to lung cells, the activity of polyADPR synthetase was measured. Cellular DNA repair is dependent upon the formation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, which is catalyzed by polyADPR synthetase. PolyADPR synthetase is known to be activated in response of DNA damage. The results showed that the enzyme activity was stimulated after exposure to O3 or exposure to NO2 + O3. Ozone exposure caused a 25% increase in the enzyme activity as compared to the control. Combined exposure to NO2 + O3 showed a 53% increase in the enzyme activity. These results were statistically significant as compared to the control and NO(2) exposure groups. Other parameters such as total cell count, cell viability, and differential cell count were also determined. The stimulation of polyADPR synthetase activity after O3 exposure or NO2 + O3 exposure reflects a response to lung cellular DNA repair, which may be used as an indicator for assessing DNA damage caused by oxidant injury.

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DNA damage in leukocytes and buccal and nasal epithelial cells of individuals exposed to air pollution in Mexico City

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Monitoring of buccal epithelial cells by alkaline comet assay (single cell gel electrophoresis technique) in cytogenetic evaluation of chlorhexidine

Monitoring of buccal epithelial cells by alkaline comet assay (single cell gel electrophoresis technique) in cytogenetic evaluation of chlorhexidine

Effects of air pollution and smoking on DNA damage of human lymphocytes

Detection of Poly(adp-Ribose) Synthetase Activity in Alveolar Macrophages of Rats Exposed to Nitrogen Dioxide and Ozone

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