DNA helix destabilization by proline and betaine: possible role in the salinity tolerance process

Rajendrakumar, Chadalavada S.V; Suryanarayana, Tangirala; Reddy, A. R.

doi:10.1016/s0014-5793(97)00588-7

Cited by 122 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Proline contents, known to be compatible solutes (Yancey et al 1982, Rajendrakumar et al 1997, Magdy and Mansour 1998, increased in leaf blades of (Table 1). Meanwhile, proline accumulation of the salt-tolerant cultivar NERICA 1 was 35% of NERICA 2.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of salt stress on physiological response and leaf polyamine content in NERICA rice seedlings

Yamamoto¹,

Sawada²,

Shim³

et al. 2011

PLANT SOIL ENVIRON

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NERICA is a new African rice variety, developed by the West African Rice Development Association (WARDA) in 1990s. NERICA rice shows both vigorous growth and tolerance of stressors such as drought and disease. The purpose of this study was to clarify the physiological and biochemical responses to salt stress of NERICA rice seedlings. The degree of growth inhibition caused by salt stress was small in NERICA rice varieties as compared with japonica Nipponbare. Na accumulation in leaf blades was high in salt-sensitive varieties. Accumulation of proline, a known compatible solute, was also induced by salt stress, especially in salt-sensitive varieties; it was thought that this accumulation was brought on salt-stress injury. The contents of polyamines, especially spermidine, were high in the pre-stressed leaf blades of NERICA rice seedlings. After the salt-stress treatment, the polyamine content of leaf blades differed with the degree of salt tolerance of the NERICA rice seedlings. These results suggested that the salt tolerance of NERICA rice seedlings might be associated not only with the regulation of Na absorption and translocation but also with their ability to maintain leaf polyamine levels under salt-stress conditions.  

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of salt stress on physiological response and leaf polyamine content in NERICA rice seedlings

Yamamoto¹,

Sawada²,

Shim³

et al. 2011

PLANT SOIL ENVIRON

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“…Saltstressed plants maintain higher proline content through enhancing the activity of key enzymes involved in proline synthesis . Proline thus protects enzymatic function and helps in free radical scavenging (Rajendrakumar et al 1997). Zinc application may improve proline accumulation via regulating solute potential, and therefore water uptake from the soil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc application mitigates the adverse effects of NaCl stress on mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss] through modulating compatible organic solutes, antioxidant enzymes, and flavonoid content

Ahmad

Ahanger

Alyemeni

et al. 2017

Journal of Plant Interactions

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“…None the less, despite its impressive implications for agriculture, this study contributes little insight into whether compatible solutes normally play a significant role in terminating free radical chain reactions. Questions such as whether osmolyte levels are reliable indicators of stress tolerance in breeding programmes, or whether the maximum absolute concentrations of compatible solutes are always adequate to account for significant mass-action effects, have been the subject of numerous discussions and are still vigorously debated Maggio et al 1997;Rajendrakumar, Suryanarayana & Reddy 1997;Samuel et al 1997). Most of the hypotheses are valid only if the most frequently observed levels of accumulation are confined exclusively to a small subcellular compartment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissecting the roles of osmolyte accumulation during stress

Hare

Cress

Staden

1998

Plant Cell & Environment

1,196

744

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Many plants accumulate organic osmolytes in response to the imposition of environmental stresses that cause cellular dehydration. Although an adaptive role for these compounds in mediating osmotic adjustment and protecting subcellular structure has become a central dogma in stress physiology, the evidence in favour of this hypothesis is largely correlative. Transgenic plants engineered to accumulate proline, mannitol, fructans, trehalose, glycine betaine or ononitol exhibit marginal improvements in salt and/or drought tolerance. While these studies do not dismiss causative relationships between osmolyte levels and stress tolerance, the absolute osmolyte concentrations in these plants are unlikely to mediate osmotic adjustment. Metabolic benefits of osmolyte accumulation may augment the classically accepted roles of these compounds. In re-assessing the functional significance of compatible solute accumulation, it is suggested that proline and glycine betaine synthesis may buffer cellular redox potential. Disturbances in hexose sensing in transgenic plants engineered to produce trehalose, fructans or mannitol may be an important contributory factor to the stress-tolerant phenotypes observed. Associated effects on photoassimilate allocation between root and shoot tissues may also be involved. Whether or not osmolyte transport between subcellular compartments or different organs represents a bottleneck that limits stress tolerance at the whole-plant level is presently unclear. None the less, if osmolyte metabolism impinges on hexose or redox signalling, then it may be important in long-range signal transmission throughout the plant.Key-words: betaine; cold stress; drought; fructans; mannitol; osmolytes; proline; salinity; sugar signalling; trehalose. Abbreviations INTRODUCTIONEnvironmental stress is the major factor limiting plant productivity . Abiotic stresses which cause depletion of cellular water (drought, high soil salinity and temperature extremes) are responsible for the greatest agricultural losses. Upon exposure to these prevalent stresses, many plants accumulate organic osmolytes, most commonly polyhydroxylic compounds (saccharides and polyhydric alcohols) and zwitterionic alkylamines (amino acids and quaternary ammonium compounds).Several recent reviews discuss osmolyte accumulation in plants (Ingram & Bartels 1996;Serrano 1996). It is generally accepted that the increase in cellular osmolarity which results from the accumulation of non-toxic (thus 'compatible') osmotically active solutes is accompanied by the influx of water into, or at least a reduced efflux from, cells, thus providing the turgor necessary for cell expansion. None the less, a conclusive demonstration that osmotic adjustment contributes to fitness in stressful environments has yet to be achieved (Munns 1993). Since all subcellular structures must exist in an aqueous environment, tolerance to dehydration also depends on the ability of cells to maintain membrane integrity and prevent protein denaturation. Hypotheses that attribut...

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DNA helix destabilization by proline and betaine: possible role in the salinity tolerance process

Cited by 122 publications

References 35 publications

Effect of salt stress on physiological response and leaf polyamine content in NERICA rice seedlings

Effect of salt stress on physiological response and leaf polyamine content in NERICA rice seedlings

Zinc application mitigates the adverse effects of NaCl stress on mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss] through modulating compatible organic solutes, antioxidant enzymes, and flavonoid content

Dissecting the roles of osmolyte accumulation during stress

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