DNA methylation, molecular genetic, and linkage studies in prostate cancer

Jarrard, David F.; Bova, G. Steven; Isaacs, William B.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0045(1996)6+<36::aid-pros8>3.0.co;2-i

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 59 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In the process of homocysteine catabolism, cysteine, a main component for the synthesis of glutathione, is generated. Glutathione serves as an important cofactor of the glutathione S-transferases and glutathione peroxidases, which function in the detoxification of many toxic or carcinogenic compounds (5,36). Decreased activity of these enzymes has been associated with increased DNA (37).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of the B-Vitamins Pyridoxal 5′-Phosphate (B6), B12, and Folate with Lung Cancer Risk in Older Men

Hartman¹,

Woodson

Virtamo³

et al. 2001

American Journal of Epidemiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A nested case-control study was conducted within the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study cohort to test for associations between selected B-vitamins (folate, vitamin B(6), vitamin B(12)) and incident lung cancer. This trial was conducted in Finland between 1985 and 1993. Serum was analyzed for these nutrients and homocysteine among 300 lung cancer cases and matched controls (1:1). Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were determined in conditional and unconditional (controlling for the matching factors) logistic regression models, after adjusting for body mass index, years of smoking, and number of cigarettes smoked per day. No significant associations were seen between serum folate, vitamin B(12), or homocysteine and lung cancer risk. The authors found significantly lower risk of lung cancer among men who had higher serum vitamin B(6) levels. Compared with men with the lowest vitamin B(6) concentration, men in the fifth quintile had about one half of the risk of lung cancer (odds ratio = 0.51; 95% confidence interval: 0.23, 0.93; p-trend = 0.02). Adjusting for any of the other serum factors (folate, B(12), and homocysteine) either alone or jointly did not significantly alter these estimates. This is the first report from a prospectively conducted study to suggest a role for vitamin B(6) in lung cancer.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of the B-Vitamins Pyridoxal 5′-Phosphate (B6), B12, and Folate with Lung Cancer Risk in Older Men

Hartman¹,

Woodson

Virtamo³

et al. 2001

American Journal of Epidemiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Furthermore, low PLP concentrations cause a decreased enzyme activity of serine hydroxymethyltransferase, which results in a lack of methylene groups for 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate production (61). This may lead to increased chromosome strand breaks (62), impaired DNA repair (63,64), and DNA hypomethylation (65,66), which has been observed in different types of tumors. The majority of previous studies on genetic variations related to one-carbon metabolism in GC focused on the MTHFR gene and were mainly conducted in Asian populations (24).…”

Section: Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamins B2 and B6 and Genetic Polymorphisms Related to One-Carbon Metabolism as Risk Factors for Gastric Adenocarcinoma in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Eussen

Vollset

Hustad

et al. 2010

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

B vitamins and polymorphisms in genes coding for enzymes involved in one-carbon metabolism may affect DNA synthesis and methylation and thereby be implicated in carcinogenesis. Previous data on vitamins B2 and B6 and genetic polymorphisms other than those involving MTHFR as risk factors for gastric cancer (GC) are sparse and inconsistent. In this case-control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort, cases (n = 235) and controls (n = 601) were matched for study center, age, sex, and time of blood sampling. B2 and B6 species were measured in plasma, and the sum of riboflavin and flavin mononucleotide was used as the main exposure variable for vitamin B2 status, whereas the sum of pyridoxal 5′-phosphate, pyridoxal, and 4-pyridoxic acid was used to define vitamin B6 status. In addition, we determined eight polymorphisms related to one-carbon metabolism. Relative risks for GC risk were calculated with conditional logistic regression, adjusted for Helicobacter pylori infection status and smoking status. Adjusted relative risks per quartile (95% confidence interval, P trend ) were 0.85 (0.72-1.01, 0.06) for vitamin B2 and 0.78 (0.65-0.93, <0.01) for vitamin B6. Both relations were stronger in individuals with severe chronic atrophic gastritis. The polymorphisms were not associated with GC risk and did not modify the observed vitamin-cancer associations. In summary, results from this large European cohort study showed an inverse association between vitamin B2 and GC risk, which is borderline significant, and a significant inverse association between vitamin B6 and GC risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 19(1); 28-38. ©2010 AACR.

show abstract

“…When, as a consequence of DNA methylation, tumor suppressor genes or growthinhibiting genes are down-regulated, cancer progression can be promoted (Bird, 1996;Zingg and Jones, 1997). Also for prostate cancer, CpG methylation has been described to be a mechanism that inactivates several genes (Jarrard et al, 1996;Schulz, 1998), including the E-cadherin (Graff et al, 1995) and GSTP1 genes (Lee et al, 1997). These observations were the motivation for a previous study that was to investigate whether and to what extent methylation of the CD44 promoter was correlated with loss or decrease of its expression.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Silencing of CD44 Expression in Prostate Cancer by Hypermethylation of the CD44 Promoter Region

Verkaik

Steenbrugge

Weerden

et al. 2000

Laboratory Investigation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARY:Loss of the CD44 transmembrane glycoprotein in primary prostate cancer has been shown to be associated with unfavorable clinical behavior. Moreover, the majority of prostate cancer metastases lack expression of this molecule. The mechanism of CD44 silencing in prostate cancer was investigated using both patient material and in vivo-propagated human prostate cancer xenografts. In 9 of 11 lymph node metastases of prostate cancer, we demonstrated by methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme digestion that the promoter region of the CD44 gene is methylated, indicating that this represents a major mechanism of CD44 silencing. Similarly, in 6 out of 12 in vivo-growing human prostate carcinoma xenograft models, hypermethylation of the CD44 gene was found. The extent of CpG island methylation was investigated by nucleotide sequencing after bisulphite modification of the CD44 promoter region. In the xenografts displaying hypermethylation, the examined 14 CpG sites in the CD44 transcription regulatory domain, including a Sp1 binding site, were consistently methylated. This correlated with reduced CD44 expression or lack of CD44 expression at mRNA and protein levels. In the xenografts lacking hypermethylation of the CD44 gene, high levels of CD44 mRNA and protein were expressed in some models, whereas in others CD44 mRNA expression was only detectable by RT-PCR and the CD44 protein could hardly be detected or was not detected at all. The results indicate that, in most prostate cancers, loss of CD44 expression is associated with extensive hypermethylation of the CpG island of the CD44 promoter region, but other, posttranscriptional mechanisms may also lead to CD44 loss. (Lab Invest 2000, 80:1291-1298.

show abstract

DNA methylation, molecular genetic, and linkage studies in prostate cancer

Cited by 23 publications

References 59 publications

Association of the B-Vitamins Pyridoxal 5′-Phosphate (B6), B12, and Folate with Lung Cancer Risk in Older Men

Association of the B-Vitamins Pyridoxal 5′-Phosphate (B6), B12, and Folate with Lung Cancer Risk in Older Men

Vitamins B2 and B6 and Genetic Polymorphisms Related to One-Carbon Metabolism as Risk Factors for Gastric Adenocarcinoma in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Silencing of CD44 Expression in Prostate Cancer by Hypermethylation of the CD44 Promoter Region

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About