DNA nanotechnology-empowered finite state machines

Abstract

A finite state machine (FSM, or automaton) is an abstract machine that can switch among a finite number of states in response to temporally ordered inputs, which allows storage and...

A Reconfigurable DNA Framework Nanotube-Assisted Antiangiogenic Therapy

“…DNA origami is a self-assembly technology to fold a kilo-base single-stranded scaffold into prescribed shapes via the base-pairing interactions with hundreds of short staple strands. , Based on this self-assembly technology, customized DNA origami structures with adjustable size and dimension can be acquired, and they can serve as nanovehicles for drug delivery or other biological applications such as biologic imaging, biosensing, biocomputation, and biostorage. − In contrast to other nanovehicles, DNA origami features good biological compatibility, negligible immunogenicity, ignorable toxicity, and high safety as its degradation products (deoxyribonucleotides) are essential elements of the human body. , More importantly, DNA origami has high programmability, making itself easy to be modified with targeting and release units, which endows the loaded drugs with enhanced tumor targeting ability and controlled release function. − Owing to the aforementioned distinct advantages, DNA origami-based nanosystem has been utilized for the controlled delivery of coagulation enzymes to induce localized tumor thrombosis . However, to the best of our knowledge, the application of the DNA origami-based self-assembly technique for the controlled delivery of the antiangiogenic agents and the reduction of multiorgan injury remains unexplored.…”

“… 18 , 19 More importantly, DNA origami has high programmability, making itself easy to be modified with targeting and release units, which endows the loaded drugs with enhanced tumor targeting ability and controlled release function. 20 − 22 Owing to the aforementioned distinct advantages, DNA origami-based nanosystem has been utilized for the controlled delivery of coagulation enzymes to induce localized tumor thrombosis. 23 However, to the best of our knowledge, the application of the DNA origami-based self-assembly technique for the controlled delivery of the antiangiogenic agents and the reduction of multiorgan injury remains unexplored.…”

Construction of DNA-based molecular circuits using normally open and normally closed switches driven by lambda exonuclease

“…DNA nanotechnology-related research has made significant progress in many fields, such as biosensors, 1,2 molecular computing, 3,4 DNA storage, 5,6 and molecular machines. [7][8][9] In the field of molecular computing, since Adleman's pioneering work, 10 programmed nucleic acid reaction systems such as those for molecular detection, [11][12][13] logical operation, [14][15][16] and molecular automata [17][18][19] have been developed and realized based on the biochemical characteristics of DNA. 20 Different from the way of constructing nanostructures on silicon wafers, 21,22 nanoscale molecular materials are directly used to construct various computing units in molecular computing, 23,24 which has the potential to apply the precision of biological computing systems in essence to broad application prospects, such as nanorobots, 25 medical diagnoses, 26,27 drug loading, 28,29 and intracellular computing.…”

A DNA Finite-State Machine Based on the Programmable Allosteric Strategy of DNAzyme

“…The artificial finite-state machine [ 7 ] is a device that can perform memory storage and state switching and respond to temporal input. It provides a powerful tool for recording and processing time-related information and has attracted a wide range of attention from researchers.…”