Do Cell Culture Solutions Transform Brushite (CaHPO42H2O) to Octacalcium Phosphate (Ca8(HPO4)2(PO4)45H2O)?

Mert, Ibrahim; Mandel, Selen; Taş, A. Cüneyt

doi:10.1002/9781118095263.ch8

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…In a similar circumstance Malsy et al 37 reported brushite converted to OCP and apatite in magnesium free cement mixtures. The direct transformation of brushite to OCP is given by Mert et al 38 as one of the following reactions:…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visualising phase change in a brushite-based calcium phosphate ceramic

Bannerman

Williams

Cox

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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The resorption of brushite-based bone cements has been shown to be highly unpredictable, with strong dependence on a number of conditions. One of the major factors is phase transformation, with change to more stable phases such as hydroxyapatite affecting the rate of resorption. Despite its importance, the analysis of phase transformation has been largely undertaken using methods that only detect crystalline composition and give no information on the spatial distribution of the phases. In this study confocal Raman microscopy was used to map cross-sections of brushite cylinders aged in Phosphate Buffered Saline, Foetal Bovine Serum, Dulbecco’s – Minimum Essential Medium (with and without serum). Image maps showed the importance of ageing medium on the phase composition throughout the ceramic structure. When aged without serum, there was dissolution of the brushite phase concomitant to the deposition of octacalcium phosphate (OCP) around the periphery of the sample. The deposition of OCP was detectable within five days and reduced the rate of brushite dissolution from the material. The use of serum, even at a concentration of 10vol% prevented phase transformation. This paper demonstrates the value of confocal Raman microscopy in monitoring phase change in biocements; it also demonstrates the problems with assessing material degradation in non-serum containing media.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visualising phase change in a brushite-based calcium phosphate ceramic

Bannerman

Williams

Cox

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…Therefore, it is usually metastable at neutral conditions ( i.e. at pH ~7.4), indicating that it may be resorbed within relatively short periods, potentially causing fast substitution of bone material (Mert et al , 2011; Luo et al , 2018).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of the full-scale substitution of strontium for calcium on the microstructure of brushite: (Ca_xSr_1–x)HPO₄.nH₂O system

et al. 2020

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Brushite (CaHPO4.2H2O) is an important calcium phosphate encountered in bone tissue engineering and bone cement formulation. There are many studies on the synthesis and characterization of brushite, but full-scale substitution and replacement of Ca by Sr in brushite as a key element in medical and environmental applications has not yet been explored systematically. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effects of substitution of Ca by Sr on the microstructural and thermal properties of brushite, including the chemical phases present, crystallization, structural water and phase stability. The chemical phases were determined by means of powder X-ray diffraction. The thermal properties were studied by thermogravimetric analysis. Crystallization and surface morphology were analysed using scanning electron microscopy. Various properties were dependent on the incorporated Sr ions. The replacement percentage of Sr may be divided into two major stages: the first from 0% to 50%; and the second from 50% up to 100%. The (Ca x Sr1–x)HPO4.nH2O shows that micro-scale crystals of platy brushite formed in the first stage of Sr replacement, from 0% up to 50%. As Sr might inhibit the formation of crystals, crystal nucleation rates were reduced as the Sr percentage increased. An amorphous product formed as a result of 50% Sr replacement. The second stage of Sr replacement with Sr contents >50% yielded a new crystal morphology corresponding mainly to SrHPO4.nH2O. The complete replacement of Ca by Sr transforms the brushite with platy microcrystals into SrHPO4 nanosheets.

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“…Acidic CaP, such as brushite (dicalcium phosphate dehydrate, DCPD), are thermodynamically unstable under pH values greater than 6-7 and thus undergo transformation into more stable CaP. Researchers have also demonstrated that meta-stable brushite (DCPD) may convert to OCP or calcium hydroxyapatite (HAp), and that OCP may convert to hydroxyapatite, depending on the Ca/P ratio and the pH value of the setting reactions [11]. Brushite, a type of CaP that is the most easily synthesized, transforms into monetite (dicalcium phosphate anhydrate, DCPA) at temperatures above 80°C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike apatite-based materials, brushite-based ones are rapidly resorbed in vivo [12]. The bioactivity and biocompatibility of brushite-based biomaterials have been investigated in several compositions, applications, and in vivo [11]. Brushite-based materials are biocompatible with and tolerated by soft tissues and bone in vivo, so that material resorption was shortly followed by the formation of new bone tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brushite: Synthesis, Properties, and Biomedical Applications

Issa¹,

Alanazi²,

Aldhafeeri³

et al. 2022

Crystallization and Applications

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In this chapter, besides its biomedical applications, the synthesis and properties of brushite were investigated. Brushite consists of two types of crystals, platy and needle-like, and their formation depends on the pH of the medium during precipitation. Platy crystals are formed in a slightly acidic medium, pH = 5, and needle-like crystals at a higher pH = 6.5–7. In this study, the monoclinic brushite crystals were synthesized using dissolution-precipitation reactions. It is found that the brushite crystal growth occurs mainly along the (020) crystallographic plane. The thermogravimetric analysis confirms the presence of the two structural water molecules, which decompose at a temperature range between 80 and 220°C. Brushite was used in the preparation of tetracalcium phosphate mineral, which is the powder component for calcium phosphate cement (CPC). CPC was subsequently prepared from TTCP and phosphate-based hardening solution. In vitro evaluation of the resultant CPC using Hanks’ Balanced Salt Solution results in the growth of nanofibrous crystals of Calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA) layers on the surfaces of the CPC. The cultured CPC exhibits new connective tissues and throughout the CaP matrix.

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Do Cell Culture Solutions Transform Brushite (CaHPO₄2H₂O) to Octacalcium Phosphate (Ca₈(HPO₄)₂(PO₄)₄5H₂O)?

Cited by 10 publications

References 66 publications

Visualising phase change in a brushite-based calcium phosphate ceramic

Visualising phase change in a brushite-based calcium phosphate ceramic

Effects of the full-scale substitution of strontium for calcium on the microstructure of brushite: (Ca_xSr_1–x)HPO₄.nH₂O system

Brushite: Synthesis, Properties, and Biomedical Applications

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Do Cell Culture Solutions Transform Brushite (CaHPO42H2O) to Octacalcium Phosphate (Ca8(HPO4)2(PO4)45H2O)?

Cited by 10 publications

References 66 publications

Visualising phase change in a brushite-based calcium phosphate ceramic

Visualising phase change in a brushite-based calcium phosphate ceramic

Effects of the full-scale substitution of strontium for calcium on the microstructure of brushite: (CaxSr1–x)HPO4.nH2O system

Brushite: Synthesis, Properties, and Biomedical Applications

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Do Cell Culture Solutions Transform Brushite (CaHPO₄2H₂O) to Octacalcium Phosphate (Ca₈(HPO₄)₂(PO₄)₄5H₂O)?

Effects of the full-scale substitution of strontium for calcium on the microstructure of brushite: (Ca_xSr_1–x)HPO₄.nH₂O system