Do developmental changes in impulsivity and sensation seeking uniquely predict violent victimization? A test of the dual systems model

Connolly, Eric J.; Cooke, Eric M.; Beaver, Kevin M.; Brown, Wyatt

doi:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2019.101639

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Along with remaining in sync with the sub-systems involved in the synchronization of the substance field, this sub-system must also maintain communication with other sub-systems, specifically the structural sub-system. 11 Concerning the application of deponering, it is a critical component of the Attorney General's Office's principle of opportunity. In this instance, the commission is limited to the Attorney General's office.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of the Opportunity Principle on the Attorney General's Office's Deponerring Implementation

2021

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<p>This study aims to analyze the implications of the principle of opportunity for implementing depowering in the Attorney General's Office. This is normative legal research, with secondary data in primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The results showed that implementing depowering as part of the principle of opportunity was not optimal and practical. The causative factors were. First, the legal material was still ambiguous regarding the definition of public interest as the basis for implementing depowering. Secondly, the understanding of the prosecutor's office on the principle of opportunity was not coherent with the principle of equality before the law by the apparatus. Third, the factor of the legal culture of the community whose trust is still deficient in the implementation of the principle of opportunity by the Prosecutor's Office.</p>

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of the Opportunity Principle on the Attorney General's Office's Deponerring Implementation

2021

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“…However, some research has also indicated the relevance of this model for understanding victimization risk as well. Connolly et al (2020) found that developmental changes in impulsivity during adolescence and early adulthood resulted in changes in victimization risk during this time, but this relationship was not observed for changes in sensation-seeking. While the highlighted study provided a first step in understanding how these constructs may predict victimization risk overall, there remain unanswered questions in this domain.…”

Section: Psychological and Sociological Constructs As Mediatorsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Understanding How Cumulative Victimization Predicts Future Victimization Risk: Relevance of Cognitive Versus Social Mediation

Wojciechowski

2021

Criminal Justice Review

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Cumulative victimization represents the summation of victimization experiences across multiple contexts, with greater accumulation generally predicting greater dysfunction than less accumulation of exposures. Past research has indicated that cumulative victimization predicts increased risk for future revictimization also. The dual systems model may help to understand this relationship. This framework comprises constructs of sensation-seeking and impulse control in developmental context. Deviant peer association may provide a social factor that helps to understand this relationship. Victimization has been found to influence all of these constructs identified here. It is predicted that increased accumulation of victimization experiences may drive variation in these constructs that results in elevated risk for revictimization. This study sought to test the theory that each of these three constructs independently mediated the cumulative victimization–revictimization relationship. The Pathways to Desistance data were used in analyses. This sample was comprised of 1,354 juvenile offenders followed for 7 years after a recent adjudication prior to baseline measurements. The first three waves of data were used in analyses. Generalized structural equation modeling was used to test for the relationships of interest. A bootstrapping process of computing standard errors was carried out to determine significance of mediation effects. Results indicated that increased cumulative victimization scores at baseline predicted increased probability of experiencing victimization at Wave 3. This relationship was attenuated by about 15% when all mediators were added to the model and the relationship remained significant. Further analyses indicated that the specific indirect effect running through deviant peer association was significant, as was the total indirect effect. Findings indicate that increases in cumulative victimization may result in increased affiliation with deviant peers that further increases their future victimization risk. Service providers for survivors of violence should focus on screening of social relationships of those they provide care for in order to assess safety concerns.

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“…For example, Connolly et al found that impulsivity declined from adolescence (ages 16–17) to early adulthood (ages 22–23) and Kasen et al reported slight increases in impulsivity from age 10 to 15 where it decreased through age 25. 31 , 32 Importantly, few of these studies, if any, extend observation periods further into adulthood, beyond age 25.…”

Section: Current Review Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Aging Out of Crime and Personality Development: A Review of the Research Examining the Role of Impulsiveness on Offending in Middle and Late Adulthood

Ray¹,

Jones²

2023

PRBM

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Virtually everything we know about the relationship between impulsivity and offending is confined to adolescence and early adulthood. There is a paucity of research that examines impulsivity and offending in middle and late adulthood. What little is known is covered in this review. There are normative declines in offending, but it remains quite common in middle and late adulthood. This challenges the notion that the majority of offenders age out of crime by middle age. There are also normative declines in impulsivity, consistent with the maturity principle of personality development. While impulsivity is associated with offending (and other externalizing behaviors) in middle and late adulthood, preciously little evidence exists that speaks to whether the declines in impulsivity are causally related to decreases in offending. Various suggestions are offered for future research that can better address this notable void in the literature.

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Do developmental changes in impulsivity and sensation seeking uniquely predict violent victimization? A test of the dual systems model

Cited by 14 publications

References 67 publications

The Effects of the Opportunity Principle on the Attorney General's Office's Deponerring Implementation

The Effects of the Opportunity Principle on the Attorney General's Office's Deponerring Implementation

Understanding How Cumulative Victimization Predicts Future Victimization Risk: Relevance of Cognitive Versus Social Mediation

Aging Out of Crime and Personality Development: A Review of the Research Examining the Role of Impulsiveness on Offending in Middle and Late Adulthood

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