Do different cultivation environments influence the germination and initial growth of three threatened Brazilian cacti species?

Santos, Paulo Augusto Almeida; Silva, Luciano Coutinho; Mendonça, Ane Marcela das Chagas; Dias, Geovane da Silva; Farias, Alaine Santana de; Damasceno, Simone Alves; Filho, Eronides Soares Bravo; Santana, Marlucia Cruz de

doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2020.05.011

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In vitro germination is a useful method for obtaining aseptic plants. This technique is very common to species of Cactaceae family, mainly when the goals are micropropagation and in vitro conservation (MEDEIROS et al, 2006;LEMA-RUMIŃSKA;KULUS, 2012;SANTOS et al, 2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Seed Germination and Plant Growth of “Cabeça-De-Frade” (Cactaceae)

et al. 2021

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The genus Melocactus (“cabeça-de-frade”) comprises 32 species in Brazil, of which M. glaucescens and M. paucispinus are threatened with extinction. The present work evaluated the effects of different concentrations of Murashige & Skoog (MS, MS/2 and MS/4) culture medium and sucrose (15 g L-1 and 30 g L-1) on in vitro seed germination and plant growth of M. glaucescens and the efficiency of sterilization with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) on in vitro seed germination and plant growth of M. glaucescens when using seeds and M. glaucescens and M. paucispinus when using apical segment of cladode. In M. glaucescens, the final germination at the different MS and sucrose concentrations varied between 53.5 and 68.1% and the best results for in vitro growth were observed with the lowest mineral salt (MS/2 and MS/4) and sucrose (15 g L-1) concentrations, with lengths of the aerial portion of 9.70 and 10.76 mm, respectively. There was no difference in seed germination and plant growth in chemical and autoclave medium. It is concluded that the use of chemical sterilization with NaOCl at low concentrations of salts (MS/2 and MS/4) and sucrose (15 g L-1) are quite advantageous for producing ornamental plants germinated in vitro and/or apical segment of cladode of M. glaucescens andM. paucispinus, representing a reduction of costs for in vitro cultivation of this species.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Seed Germination and Plant Growth of “Cabeça-De-Frade” (Cactaceae)

et al. 2021

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“…This limits opportunities for vegetative propagation, making them particularly susceptible to overharvesting during the removal of whole specimens from their natural populations for commercialization as ornamental plants ( Goettsch et al, 2015 ; Pérez-Molphe-Balch et al, 2015 ). This has led to the development of conservation strategies that rely on in vitro propagation of Melocactus species ( Resende et al, 2010 ; Torres-Silva et al, 2018 ; Santos et al, 2020 ). Tissue culture techniques represent an attractive form of propagation for this genus, even though their slow growth means that some species require about ten years to reach reproductive age ( Machado, 2009 ; Lema-Rumińska and Kulus, 2014 ; Pérez-Molphe-Balch et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomy, Flow Cytometry, and X-Ray Tomography Reveal Tissue Organization and Ploidy Distribution in Long-Term In Vitro Cultures of Melocactus Species

et al. 2020

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Cacti have a highly specialized stem that enables survival during extended dry periods. Despite the ornamental value of cacti and the fact that stems represent the main source of explants in tissue culture, there are no studies on their morpho-anatomical and cytological characteristics in Melocactus . The present study seeks to address the occurrence of cells with mixed ploidy level in cacti tissues. Specifically, we aim to understand how Melocactus stem tissue is organized, how mixoploidy is distributed when present, and whether detected patterns of ploidy change after long periods of in vitro culture. To analyze tissue organization, Melocactus glaucescens and Melocactus paucispinus plants that had been germinated and cultivated in vitro were analyzed for stem structure using toluidine blue, Xylidine Ponceau, Periodic Acid Schiff, ruthenium red, and acid floroglucin. To investigate patterns of ploidy, apical, medial, and basal zones of the stem, as well as, periphery, cortex, and stele (vascular tissue and pith) regions of the stem and root apexes from four- and ten-year old cultured in vitro were analyzed by flow cytometry. X-ray micro-computed tomography (XRµCT) was performed with fragments of stems from both species. The scarcity of support elements ( i.e. , sclereids and fibers) indicates that epidermis, hypodermis, and wide-band tracheids present in cortical vascular bundles and stele, as well as water stored in aquifer parenchyma cells along the cortex, provide mechanical support to the stem. Parenchyma cells increase in volume with a four-fold increase in ploidy. M. glaucescens and M. paucispinus exhibit the same pattern of cell ploidy irrespective of topophysical region or age, but there is a marked difference in ploidy between the stem periphery (epidermis and hypodermis), cortex, stele, and roots. Mixoploidy in Melocactus is not related to the age of the culture, but is a developmental trait, whereby endocycles promote cell differentiation to accumulate valuable water.

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Irrigation level and substrate type on the acclimatization and development of mandacaru (Cereus jamacaru DC.): an emblematic cactus from Brazilian semiarid region

Cassimiro,

Henschel,

Gomes

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Mandacaru is a cactus with great socioeconomic potential, but lack of information about its cultivation hinders its domestication. Here, we aimed to evaluate the acclimatization and vegetative development of mandacaru under different substrates and irrigation levels. For this, seeds inoculated in vitro were grown for 120 days, being transplanted to pots containing four types of substrate (S1—caatinga soil + gravel; S2—washed sand + organic matter + soil + charcoal; S3—washed sand + cattle manure + soil + sand; S4—commercial organic substrate). Pots were irrigated with 100% of the field capacity (FC) once-a-week, or with 50% FC twice-a-week, and kept in a greenhouse for six months. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 4 × 2 factorial scheme, with six replications. Plant height and diameter, axial and radial growth rate, fresh and dry mass of stem and root, water content, and photosynthetic pigments were determined. Growth was affected mainly by the substrate, with S4 resulting in higher growth and pigment content, while S1 was impaired and S2 and S3 resulted in intermediate growth. The use of S4 and 100% FC once per week was the best condition for mandacaru.

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Do different cultivation environments influence the germination and initial growth of three threatened Brazilian cacti species?

Cited by 5 publications

References 28 publications

In Vitro Seed Germination and Plant Growth of “Cabeça-De-Frade” (Cactaceae)

In Vitro Seed Germination and Plant Growth of “Cabeça-De-Frade” (Cactaceae)

Anatomy, Flow Cytometry, and X-Ray Tomography Reveal Tissue Organization and Ploidy Distribution in Long-Term In Vitro Cultures of Melocactus Species

Irrigation level and substrate type on the acclimatization and development of mandacaru (Cereus jamacaru DC.): an emblematic cactus from Brazilian semiarid region

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