Do dynamic condylar screw-plates lead to iatrogenic fracture?

Abstract

Th e Karadere segment of the North Anatolian Fault (NAF) is the easternmost part that ruptured during the 17 August 1999 İzmit earthquake (Mw 7.4). It has a diff erent orientation, at N65°E to other segments which have a nearly E-W trend, and lesser dextral displacement, with maximum 2.3 m in contrast with 5.2 m in the ruptured neighbouring western segment. Two palaeoseismological trenches, at Kazimiye and Karadere sites, were excavated on the central part of the Karadere segment to determine the timing of past earthquakes.Excavation of the Kazimiye site revealed the occurrence of fi ve past events since the 4 th century A.D., including the 1999 İzmit earthquake. Th e oldest event occurred aft er A.D. 231-407 and before A.D. 420-584 based on 14 C dating results. Th is event may correspond to either the A.D. 358 earthquake or the A.D. 554 historical earthquake. Th e younger three events predate 1999 and postdate A.D. 420-584. At the Karadere trench site, three past events, including the 1999 İzmit earthquake, were identifi ed. Th e penultimate event was observed on the trench wall and dated to be aft er A.D. 1298-1370. Th e older event is dated as before A.D. 1150-1261, which may correspond to one of the determined events in the Kazimiye trench. In summary, palaeoseismological data provide evidence for at least fi ve large earthquakes on the Karadere segment since A.D. 231-407, including the 1999 İzmit earthquake.

Distal radius measurements and efficacy of fixed-angle locking volar plates

“…The surgical treatment of unstable distal radius fractures is generally preferred these days because of new surgical techniques and improved implant designs (3). There are many anatomic and morphometric studies about all human bones, as well as the distal radius (4)(5)(6)(7)(8).…”