Do Lifestyle Interventions before Gastric Bypass Prevent Weight Regain after Surgery? A Five-Year Longitudinal Study

Vaccaro, Salvatore; Itani, Leila; Scazzina, Francesca; Bonilauri, Stefano; Cartelli, Concetto Maria; Ghoch, Marwan El; Pellegrini, Massimo

doi:10.3390/nu14173609

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 31 publications

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“…However, there is controversy over the role of appetite related hormones in weight loss relapse [ 222 ]. Additional lifestyle modifications that change eating habits and physical activity can improve weight loss outcomes [ 223 ].…”

Section: Weight Regain Following Bariatric Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Appetite Regulation and Bariatric Surgery

Ramasamy

2024

JCM

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Obesity remains a common metabolic disorder and a threat to health as it is associated with numerous complications. Lifestyle modifications and caloric restriction can achieve limited weight loss. Bariatric surgery is an effective way of achieving substantial weight loss as well as glycemic control secondary to weight-related type 2 diabetes mellitus. It has been suggested that an anorexigenic gut hormone response following bariatric surgery contributes to weight loss. Understanding the changes in gut hormones and their contribution to weight loss physiology can lead to new therapeutic treatments for weight loss. Two distinct types of neurons in the arcuate hypothalamic nuclei control food intake: proopiomelanocortin neurons activated by the anorexigenic (satiety) hormones and neurons activated by the orexigenic peptides that release neuropeptide Y and agouti-related peptide (hunger centre). The arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus integrates hormonal inputs from the gut and adipose tissue (the anorexigenic hormones cholecystokinin, polypeptide YY, glucagon-like peptide-1, oxyntomodulin, leptin, and others) and orexigeneic peptides (ghrelin). Replicating the endocrine response to bariatric surgery through pharmacological mimicry holds promise for medical treatment. Obesity has genetic and environmental factors. New advances in genetic testing have identified both monogenic and polygenic obesity-related genes. Understanding the function of genes contributing to obesity will increase insights into the biology of obesity. This review includes the physiology of appetite control, the influence of genetics on obesity, and the changes that occur following bariatric surgery. This has the potential to lead to the development of more subtle, individualised, treatments for obesity.

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Section: Weight Regain Following Bariatric Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Appetite Regulation and Bariatric Surgery

Ramasamy

2024

JCM

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Comparative effectiveness of Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy in achieving diabetes remission in patients with diabetes‐related vascular diseases: A multicentred study

Ghusn,

Ma,

Ikemiya

et al. 2024

Clinical Obesity

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SummaryMetabolic and bariatric surgeries (MBS), including Roux‐en‐Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) and Sleeve Gastrectomy (SG), have proven effective in promoting long‐term diabetes remission among patients with type‐2 diabetes (T2D). In this multicentre retrospective cohort study, we investigated the effectiveness of RYGB and SG in achieving diabetes remission, specifically among patients with T2D and vascular complications, while accounting for similar baseline diabetes severity. Although various scores predict diabetes remission after bariatric surgery, they do not consider diabetes‐related vascular complications, which can influence outcomes even in patients with similar baseline T2D severity. We collected preoperative data on microvascular (retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy) and macrovascular comorbidities (coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular accidents, peripheral artery disease) to compare the efficacy of RYGB and SG. Among 961 patients analysed, those with vascular complications showed higher remission rates with RYGB (OR: 1.97) compared to SG, despite similar baseline diabetes severity. Notably, RYGB patients with microvascular complications had a significant advantage in achieving T2D remission (OR: 2.95). However, no significant differences in remission were observed in patients with macrovascular complications. These findings suggest that RYGB may be more effective than SG in specific patient populations, particularly those with microvascular complications, emphasizing the need for personalized treatment strategies.

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Diet quality and anthropometric indices of patients undergone bariatric surgery: the prospective Tehran obesity treatment study

Hosseini-Esfahani,

Kazemi-Aliakbar,

koochakpoor

et al. 2023

BMC Surg

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Background Patients undergone bariatric surgery (BS) has long-term risks including decrease in diet quality, nutritional deficiencies and weight regain. This study focus on assessing dietary quality and food group components in patients one year after BS, the relationship between dietary quality score and anthropometric indices, and also evaluating the trend of body mass index (BMI) of these patients three years after BS. Methods A total of 160 obese patients (BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2) were undergone sleeve gastrectomy (SG) (n = 108) or gastric bypass (GB) (n = 52), participated in this study. They were assessed for dietary intakes using three 24-hour dietary recalls one year after surgery. Dietary quality was assessed using food pyramid for post BS patients and healthy eating index (HEI). Anthropometric measurements were taken pre-surgery and 1, 2 and 3 years after operation. Results The mean age of patients was 39.9 ± 11 years (79% female). The mean ± SD percentage of excess weight loss was 76.6 ± 21.0 one year after surgery. Intake patterns are generally (up to 60%) not consistent with the food pyramid. The mean total HEI score was 64 ± 12 out of 100. More than %60 of participants is exceeding the recommendations for saturated fat and sodium. The HEI score did not show significant relationship with anthropometric indices. The mean of BMI in SG group increased over three years of follow up, while in GB group, there were no significant differences in BMI during three years of follow up. Conclusions These findings showed that patients had not healthy pattern intake one year after BS. Diet quality did not show significant relationship with anthropometric indices. The trend of BMI three years after surgery was different based on surgery types.

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Do Lifestyle Interventions before Gastric Bypass Prevent Weight Regain after Surgery? A Five-Year Longitudinal Study

Cited by 3 publications

References 31 publications

Physiological Appetite Regulation and Bariatric Surgery

Physiological Appetite Regulation and Bariatric Surgery

Comparative effectiveness of Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy in achieving diabetes remission in patients with diabetes‐related vascular diseases: A multicentred study

Diet quality and anthropometric indices of patients undergone bariatric surgery: the prospective Tehran obesity treatment study

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