Do Norwegians with diabetes have a healthier diet than the general population?

Abstract

Objective: Review current knowledge about dietary habits among people with diabetes in Norway compared with the general population and nutrient-and food-based dietary recommendations. Method: Baseline dietary data from four intervention studies in subjects with type 2 diabetes, were merged (n=92) and compared with data extracted from a nationwide dietary survey, NORKOST, where participants with diabetes (n=115) were compared with a gender and age matched control group (n=575). A validated food frequency questionnaire was used for dietary assessment. An overview of previously published data from two studies among young people with type 1 diabetes was included for comparison. Results: Subjects with diabetes had an intake of carbohydrates in the lower recommended range and lower than the controls, which was reflected in a lower intake of added sugar, sweets, potatoes, sugar-sweetened beverages, and fruit juices. Subjects with diabetes had a fiber intake which was similar or higher than controls, but below the recommended intake. They reported a higher proportion of energy from protein and fat than controls, reflecting the higher intake of meat, fish, edible fats, and high-fat meat products. There was a higher intake of vegetables, fruits and whole grain among subjects with diabetes compared with controls, but also a higher intake of red meat. Conclusion: Compared with the recommendations, people with diabetes had a low intake of carbohydrates and a high intake of protein and fat, but they made more healthy choices regarding intake of selected food groups compared with the control groups.

Prebiotic effect of inulin-type fructans on faecal microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in type 2 diabetes: a randomised controlled trial

“…Results from the FFQ assessment at baseline also showed that our participants slightly exceeded the criteria for allowed fibre intake (mean of 32.2 g per day). This indicates that the study population had higher habitual fibre intake than the general population with type 2 diabetes in Norway, and were on the other hand adherent to the Norwegian dietary recommendations of 25–35-g fibre per day [ 58 ]. This may have affected the baseline microbiota composition and diversity and thus its responsiveness to the prebiotic fibre.…”

Population-based nutrition study on an urban population with type 2 diabetes mellitus

“…С другой стороны, важно отметить, в этой группе был более здоровый набор продуктов, как это было отмечено и в нашем исследо-вании, чем в общей популяции, а именно, повышенное потребление овощей, фруктов и ягод, рыбы, ПВ и про-дуктов из цельного зерна, и низким потреблением сла-достей и напитков. В этом отношении, лица с диабетом были ближе к рекомендуемому потреблению, чем общая популяция, хотя их питание, также, не отвечает реко-мендациям в полном объеме [19]. В крупномасштабном обследовании питания больных СД2 населения Японии (1516 участников, средний возраст 59 лет) приведены данные по рациону питания.…”