Do Qualitative and Quantitative Job Insecurity Influence Hotel Employees’ Green Work Outcomes?

Abstract

The extant literature lacks evidence concerning the effects of qualitative and quantitative job insecurity (JIS) on service workers’ performance outcomes. This is also true for their effects on green work outcomes. To fill in this void, drawing on social information processing, threat-rigidity, and the reformulation of attitude theories as well as the model of attitude–behavior relation, this paper proposes and tests a research model that investigates the effects of both qualitative and quantitative JIS simultaneously on green work outcomes. Data gathered from hotel employees during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey were utilized to gauge the hypothesized associations through structural equation modeling. The findings suggest that quantitative JIS weakens harmonious environmental passion, green recovery performance, and proactive pro-environmental behavior. In addition, harmonious environmental passion mediates the impact of quantitative JIS on the aforementioned green work consequences. Contrary to the predictions, the findings lend no credence to the negative impact of qualitative JIS on harmonious environmental passion, green recovery performance, and proactive pro-environmental behavior.

The Effects of Job Insecurity, Emotional Exhaustion, and Met Expectations on Hotel Employees’ Pro-Environmental Behaviors: Test of a Serial Mediation Model

“…Second, there are still calls for additional research concerning the psychological mechanism relating JIS to employee outcomes [4,19,25,26]. Therefore, our paper unravels the psychological mechanism through which JIS is associated with proactive PEB.…”

“…As a matter of fact, there is limited research about the impact of JIS on performance-related outcomes [10]. Excluding Karatepe's [4] work which reported that JIS impeded hotel employees' green recovery performance and proactive PEBs, past and recent writings do not shed light on whether employees suffering from the threat of job loss in the future do not contribute to the hotel's environmental sustainability efforts through their PEBs [23,24]. Using conservation of resources (COR) theory, we contend that JIS is a stressor that impedes employees' proactive PEBs.…”

“…In addition, evidence emanating from a study in the bank industry in Pakistan documented that corporate social responsibility initiatives strengthened employees' perceptions of servant leadership, which in turn fostered their PEBs [65]. Excluding the one that has examined the effect of JIS on hotel employees' PEBs [4], as can be observed in Lin et al's [66] systematic review, JIS and met expectations have not been investigated as predictors of PEBs so far.…”

“…These variables serially mediate the impact of JIS on hotel employees' proactive PEBs. Gender and organizational tenure are used as covariates due to their potential confounding effects on emotional exhaustion, met expectations, and proactive PEBs [1,4,40,49].…”

“…One of the most critical hindrance stressors in today's competitive market environment that may hamper employees' proactive PEBs is job insecurity (JIS) [4]. JIS, which highlights the "…perceived powerlessness to maintain desired continuity in a threatened job situation" [5, p. 438], is prevalent in many industries including the hospitality and tourism industry [6][7][8][9][10][11], and has been intensified by the COVID-19 pandemic [12][13][14].…”