Do the  -Hemolytic Non-Group A Streptococci Cause Pharyngitis?

Cimolai, Nevio; Elford, Rod; Bryan, L. E.; Anand, C.P.; Berger, Pierre

doi:10.1093/clinids/10.3.587

Cited by 56 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…This subject has been extensively reviewed by Cimolai et al (1988). This is also in accord with Hayden et al (1989) who recently isolated non-group A PHS from 17% of patients with pharyngitis and 21 % of Table 4 Sites other than the throat from which group A streptococci were isolated in different age 1 ,it 1 , groups of paediatric patients tt controls using sensitive anaerobic cultures.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…Pharyngitis ranks as an important clinical problem to General Practitioners (Cimolai et al, 1988). There are many infectious agents implicated in the aetiology of pharyngitis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The recent resurgence of ARF and severe life-threatening group A PHS infections (including the toxic shocklike syndrome) has been reported from various parts of the world (Kaplan, 1991;Bisno, 1991;Chapnick et al, 1992). Streptococci from Lancefield groups other than A (non-group A) have been associated with outbreaks of pharyngitis (Hill et al, 1969;Benjamin and Perriella, 1976;McCue, 1982;Efstration, 1989), often with foodborne spread, but the role of these nongroup A organisms in causing sporadic pharyngitis in children is still unclear (Cimolai et al, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-group A streptococci: are they pathogens in the throat?

Chowdhury

Kambal

Al‐Eissa

et al. 1997

Journal of the Royal Society of Health

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A total of 3,184 paediatric patients with sporadic pharyngitis was studied at King Khalid University Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. In addition, 478 children without pharyngitis who were matched for age and sex were included as controls. Group A beta-haemolytic streptococci (beta HS) were detected significantly more often among the children with pharyngitis than among the controls (8.4% vs 2.3%; p < 0.0001). In contrast, total non-group A and group C beta HS were isolated at lower frequency from the sick than control children (0.9% vs 2.5% and 0.2% vs 1.2% respectively; p < 0.01) while other non-group A beta HS such as groups B, G and F were each isolated in similar frequency from both the sick and control children. We conclude that non-group A beta HS appear not to be as important as aetiological agents of sporadic pharyngitis in these children.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…Pharyngitis ranks as an important clinical problem to General Practitioners (Cimolai et al, 1988). There are many infectious agents implicated in the aetiology of pharyngitis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Non-group A streptococci: are they pathogens in the throat?

Chowdhury

Kambal

Al‐Eissa

et al. 1997

Journal of the Royal Society of Health

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“…25-27]; however, in other areas, S. pyogenes still was fully suscep tible to clindamycin [28,29], Currently, 5. pyogenes is considered uniformly susceptible to penicillin G and V, amoxicillin, and cepha losporins, such as cefuroxime and cefixime [24,26,27,[29][30][31]. although tolerance to pen icillin associated with altered penicillin-bind ing protein patterns (altered PBP2, increase in PBP5) had been noted in vitro [32], Since the 1970s, the role of Streptococcus agctlacliae in cases of invasive systemic infec tions in newborns acquired intra-and post partum was appreciated [33][34][35], Lately, how ever, group B (3-hemolytic streptococci have been noted to cause invasive infections in adult patients with serious underlying ill nesses [36][37][38][39][40], In the past, this pathogen was susceptible to all (3-lactam antibiotics, specifi cally penicillin G, ampicillin, and all cepha losporins [41][42][43], and penicillin G as well as ampicillin proved effective for intrapartum chemoprophylaxis [33,34], However, strains with intermediate susceptibility to penicillin G (2%) and ampicillin (8%) were recently iso lated in Spain [44]; furthermore, 17% of the Antibiotic Susceptibility of (i-Hcmolytic Streptococci 100 isolates were tolerant to penicillin G. Serogroup C, F, and G (3-hemolytic strepto cocci have been known to cause pharyngitis, including several outbreaks, and occasional invasive systemic disease, e.g" septicemia, en docarditis, and meningitis [45][46][47][48], Penicillin G was traditionally considered the antibiotic of choice [49,50], However, the value of che motherapy in acute pharyngitis, the most ap propriate antibiotic and regimen, and the ef fect of antibiotic therapy on the incidence of sequelae remained uncertain [51], Very re cently, a case of group C streptococcal pharyn gitis [52] failed to ...…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Susceptibility of Clinical Group A, B, C, F, and G β-Hemolytic Streptococcal Isolates to 24 Antimicrobial Drugs

Traub

Leonhard²

1997

Chemotherapy

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A total of 312 clinical β-hemolytic streptococcal isolates (Streptococcus pyogenes, group A = 63; Streptococcus agalactiae, group B = 145; group C = 50; group F = 27; group G = 27) were examined for susceptibility to 23 and 24 antimicrobial drugs with the Bauer-Kirby agar disk diffusion and the agar dilution method, respectively. Sheep blood Mueller-Hinton agar served as the reference medium. Wilkins-Chalgren agar supported optimal growth of group A and B, but not of all group C, F, and G streptococci. The group A streptococci were susceptible to all β-lactam antibiotics, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, rifampin, teicoplanin, and vancomycin, but resistant to cotrimoxazole, fusidic acid, and, except for 2 strains, to fosfomycin. Resistance (R)/intermediate susceptibility (I) rates (R/I%) to ciprofloxacin (0/2%), ofloxacin (1/2%), erythromycin (1.6 / 0%), and clarithromycin (0/1%) were low. Higher resistance rates were noted with tetracyclines (doxycycline 23.8/15.9%; tetracycline 39.7/3.2%). Among the group B streptococcal isolates, one strain was resistant against oxacillin and of intermediate susceptibility to penicillin G and cefoxitin. All isolates were susceptible to teicoplanin and rifampin. Conversely, all group B isolates were resistant to cotrimoxazole and fusidic acid; 69% and 51 % of these isolates were susceptible to fosfomycin and rifampin, respectively. R/I rates of the group B streptococcal isolates were low for ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin (0/0.7%), clindamycin (0.7/0%), erythromycin (1.4/ 3.5%), clarithromycin (1.4/0%), and chloramphenicol (0.7/0%). Resistance to tetracyclines was significant (doxycycline: 72.4/2.1%; tetracycline: 74.5/1.4%). Among the non-A, non-B β-hemolytic streptococci, 2 group C strains were resistant to oxacillin and showed intermediate susceptibility to penicillin G. All isolates were susceptible to third and fourth-generation cephalosporins, imipenem, chloramphenicol, rifampin, teicoplanin, and vancomycin. R/I rates to the other antimicrobial drugs were: ciprofloxacin (3.9/1.9%), ofloxacin (2.9/1.9%), clindamycin (2.9/1%), erythromycin (5.8/0%), clarithromycin (3.8/2.9%), and cotrimoxazole (16.4/3.9%). Resistance against tetracyclines was more frequent (doxycycline: 18.3/2.9%; tetracycline: 20.2/6.7%). On the basis of various minor discrepancies between MIC and disk diffusion test results, it is proposed that the current NCCLS inhibition zone (diameter, mm) criteria indicative of intermediate susceptibility of β-hemolytic streptococci be changed for the following antimicrobial drugs: ampicillin: 22-27 mm (only for group A and B β-hemolytic streptococci); ciprofloxacin: 16-18 mm; clindamycin: 15-18 mm; doxycycline: 17-19 mm; tetracycline: 17-19 mm, and erythromycin: 14-19 mm.

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“…To this extent it has been realized in recent years that SMG strains may be 'unrecognized pathogens ' (Ruoff, 1988). Most of the strains possess Lancefield group antigen A, C, F or G (Whiley et al, 1990;Gossling, 1988) and several investigations have been made into the relation between the 'large-colony ' Lancefield group A, C or G streptococci (particularly Streptococcus equi and Streptococcus dysgalactiae) and the ' minute-colony ' SMG, especially as both colony types can be isolated from similar sites (Lawrence et al, 1985;Cimolai et al, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Albumin-binding proteins on the surface of the Streptococcus milleri group and characterization of the albumin receptor of Streptococcus intermedius C5

Willcox

Patrikakis²,

Loo³

et al. 1993

Journal of General Microbiology

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Members of the Streptococcus m i k i group (SMG) that react with Lancefield group C antisera were shown to bind large amounts of albumin although there was no direct relation between these two properties as polyclonal antisera to Lancefield group C antigen did not prevent the binding of albumin. There was a specificity for albumin binding, with albumin from man, monkeys, cat, dog and mouse being bound to a greater degree than albumin from cow, horse, goat or rabbit. Gold-labelled albumin was shown to be located close to the surface of strains by transmission electron microscopy. A cell-surface protein of M, 24 000, which was liberated by lysozyme treatment of cells, was shown to be the cell-surface receptor on Streptococcus intermedim C5. The receptor was physically dissimilar from protein G, an albumin-and IgG-binding protein of 'large-colony' Lancefield group C and G streptococci.

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Do the -Hemolytic Non-Group A Streptococci Cause Pharyngitis?

Cited by 56 publications

References 0 publications

Non-group A streptococci: are they pathogens in the throat?

Non-group A streptococci: are they pathogens in the throat?

Comparative Susceptibility of Clinical Group A, B, C, F, and G β-Hemolytic Streptococcal Isolates to 24 Antimicrobial Drugs

Albumin-binding proteins on the surface of the Streptococcus milleri group and characterization of the albumin receptor of Streptococcus intermedius C5

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