Dodecenylsuccinic anhydride modified collagen hydrogels loaded with simvastatin as skin wound dressings

Abstract

Skin wound healing presents a unique challenge because of its complex healing process. Herein, we developed a hydrophobic wound dressing to incorporate simvastatin, which has potential application in the treatment of ulcers and prevention of wound infection. For that matter, collagen hydrogels were grafted with dodecenylsuccinic anhydride (DDSA). The chemical modification was confirmed by FTIR and solid state 13C‐NMR spectroscopies while the ultrastructure was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. In contact angle measurements, a higher water droplet angle in DDSA‐collagen gels was observed. This was consistent with the swelling assay, in which water absorption was 5.2 g/g for collagen and 1.9 g/g for DDSA‐collagen. Additionally, viability and adhesion studies were performed. Cell adhesion decreased ~11% in DDSA‐collagen and the number of viable cells showed a tendency to decrease as DDSA concentration increased but it was only significantly lower above concentrations of 12%. Modified gels were loaded with simvastatin showing higher adsorption capacity and lower release. Lastly, the antimicrobial and anti‐inflammatory activity of DDSA‐collagen materials were assessed. DDSA‐collagen hydrogels, either unloaded or loaded with simvastatin showed sustained antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus for 72 hr probably due to the hydrophobic interaction of DDSA chains with bacterial cell walls. The antimicrobial activity was stronger against S. aureus. Collagen hydrogels also presented a prolonged antibacterial activity when they were loaded with simvastatin, confirming the antimicrobial properties of statins. Finally, it was observed that these materials can stimulate resident macrophages and promote an M2 profile which is desirable in wound healing processes.

The Wound Healing Effect of Nanoclay, Collagen, and Tadalafil in Diabetic Rats: An In Vivo Study

“…e antimicrobial activity was stronger against S. aureus. Also, collagen hydrogels provided a prolonged antibacterial activity when they involved simvastatin, and findings revealed that these materials could stimulate macrophages which is useful in wound healing processes [26]. e MTT assay of Chakrabarti et al study showed that bFGF and collagen matrix hydrogel had minimal toxicity on the L929 mouse fibroblast cell line, did not inhibit cell proliferation, and could be further investigated in burn wounds [27].…”

Hydrogel Preparation Methods and Biomaterials for Wound Dressing

“…When used as the basic component of wound dressings, it has weak antigenicity, promotes cell growth and proliferation, promotes coagulation and avoids scar formation, etc. [ 81 ]. Col-HA hydrogels prepared by HRP covalent cross-linking not only showed good biocompatibility and biodegradability but also spontaneously promoted angiogenesis and played a positive role in the formation of epithelium and collagen fiber [ 82 ].…”

Current Review on Polymeric Hydrogel Based

“…Simvastatin showed antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties in 2009 which make them promising for cutaneous wound cure. DDSA collagen hydrogels have exhibited better mechanical properties and lower degradation levels and the potential for waterinsoluble drugs to act as drug carriers 4 . Skin replacements are one of the major skin loss remedies, and the best treatment choice would be a skin replacement which is readily available.…”

“…Skin is a highly vascularized, bio mineralized composite material composed of fibroblasts and collagen surrounded by specialized extracellular matrix with high mechanical strength and structural complexity. [1][2][3][4] Skin tissue defects have become one of the major sources of mortality and morbidity among all age group people worldwide. Although the auto grafts and allograft were regarded as the high attainment for wound repair, the approach was limited because of their unwanted effects (i.e.…”