Does an asymmetric nexus exist between exports and economic growth in Pakistan? Recent evidence from a nonlinear ARDL approach

Intensive and Extensive Margins of Export Diversification as Strategies for Sustainable Economic Growth: Evidence from the Nigerian Economy

“…Further, as in Dunusinghe (2009) and Saleem and Sial (2015), instead of an aggregate national production function, we assume that these sectors have different production functions depict mathematically as follows: [1989][1990][1991][1992][1993][1994][1995][1996][1997] They discover that producing highly differentiated export goods gives a competitive advantage. Funke and Ruhwedel (2002) 15 OECD countries 1989-1997 They establish that export performance is significantly and positively influenced by products variety.…”

“…Following Dunusinghe (2009) and Saleem and Sial (2015), we adopt and build on the dualistic growth framework developed by Feder (1983) to derive the econometric models employed in the empirical analysis. In line with Feder’s formulation, we assume that the overall economy (denoted by Y is composed of two distinct sectors: the non-export sector (represented by R ) and the export sector (depicted by Q ).…”

“…Further, as in Dunusinghe (2009) and Saleem and Sial (2015), instead of an aggregate national production function, we assume that these sectors have different production functions depict mathematically as follows: …”

“…Following Saleem and Sial (2015), we assume in Equation (16) that the marginal productivity of capital FKr​=α, the growth rate of labour force FLr​=β, the productivity differential and the externality effect of the export sector (δ1+δ+Fq)=θ; accordingly, a more general version of Equation (16) is obtained as follows: …”

“…Keeping the above in view, following Saleem and Sial (2015), an econometric representation of Equation (17) is specified as follows: …”