Does board gender diversity affect firm performance Evidence from the French SMEs

Manita, Riadh; Elommal, Najoua; Đặng, Rey; L', N.A.; Houanti, Hocine

doi:10.1504/ijesb.2020.111580

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Among small companies, Riadh et al make a series of analyses on the data of French small enterprises in 2009. This study finds that there is no significant relationship between financial performance and gender diversity in French small enterprises [11].…”

Section: The Impact Of Gender Diversity On Corporate Financecontrasting

confidence: 54%

The Correlation Between Board Gender Diversity and Corporate Social Responsibility

2022

2022 2nd International Conference on Management Science and Industrial Economy Development (MSIED 2022)

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This paper attempts to analyze the impact of gender differences in the board of directors on the corporate social responsibility. Firstly, it arranges research articles on the impact of gender differences on the board of directors. Research shows that the proportion of female independent board members and non-board members in the board of directors will affect the behavior of enterprises. At the same time, this paper looks for some literature and takes several small enterprises in different countries as the research object. It also analyzes the relationship between literature and the corporate social responsibility system. Meanwhile, this study lists the positive and negative effects of the corporate social responsibility system. Then, it lists the corporate social responsibility and the existing literature of the board of directors on gender diversity. In the existing literature, many people point out that electronic promotion of the latter. Finally, based on the above integration, the deficiencies of the two related studies are pointed out. It is also proposed to start with the study of small and mediumsized enterprises. Conduct more comprehensive research.

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Section: The Impact Of Gender Diversity On Corporate Financecontrasting

confidence: 54%

The Correlation Between Board Gender Diversity and Corporate Social Responsibility

2022

2022 2nd International Conference on Management Science and Industrial Economy Development (MSIED 2022)

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“…Conversely, Boukattaya and Omri (2018) find a positive association for the same sample during 2011–2016. Manita et al (2020) find no significant impact for a sample of French small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) between 2009 and 2014. These studies assume that the relationship between women participation and firm participation is linear and that the contribution of one alone female member is the same as that of another female member in a board with a high female representation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Boukattaya and Omri (2018) find a positive impact of women presence for a sample of French large firms characterized by an average women participation in board of 38.41% in 2016, which is comparable to our PSTR models' threshold values. Manita et al (2020) focused in a sample of SMEs that are not required to comply with the Cope ´-Zimmermann Law. They investigated whether these SMEs voluntarily involve women in board and whether their presence improves or impedes performance.…”

Section: Panel Smooth Threshold Regression Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conversely, for the same sample over the period 2011–2016, Boukattaya and Omri (2018) find a positive relationship between women presence in board and financial performance. Manita et al (2020) find no significant influence of women participation on financial performance for a sample of French small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) between 2009 and 2014. These studies assume that the relationship between women presence and financial performance is linear and adding one more woman in board has the same effect on firm performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Threshold effects of board gender diversity on firm performance: panel smooth transition regression model

Gharbi

Othmani

2022

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Purpose This study aims to investigate whether threshold effects exist in the relationship between board gender diversity and firm performance. Design/methodology/approach This study applies the panel smooth threshold regression model (PSTR) to a sample of 284 non-financial French firms listed on Euronext Paris over the period 2009–2017. Firm performance proxies are Tobin’s Q and return on assets (ROA). The board gender diversity is measured by the percentage of women participation in board. Findings Threshold effects in the relationships between board gender diversity and firm performance measures are found. For Tobin’s Q, the model has one threshold at the 34.17% of women directors’ appointment on boards. Similarly, for ROA, the model has one threshold at the 38.28% of women presence in the board. The results show that above the estimated threshold, women directorship has a positive impact on firm performance. However, below the threshold, there is a neutral relationship. The findings support the critical mass view that a minimum of one third women representation in board is compulsory to achieve the desired effect of gender diversity. Practical implications This study’s finding provides useful insights to managers, investors and policymakers. Managers and investors can identify the adequate board gender diversity levels that enhance firm performance. Policymakers are divided on whether mandatory or voluntary board gender quota should be adopted. This study suggests that a quota of one third can be used in policy implementation. Originality/value Unlike prior studies that consider the relationship between firm performance and board gender diversity as linear, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to investigate the threshold effects in this relationship using a new econometric approach.

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“…Also the conducted empirical literature repeats this uncertainty: even the most recent studies on the topic still show mixed evidence with either negative, positive or insignificant results (e.g. Hern ander-Lara and Gonzales-Bustos, 2019Gonzales-Bustos et al, 2020;Liu et al, 2020;Manita et al, 2020;Martinez-Jimenez et al, 2020;Rejeb et al, 2020;Vaivaran and Zhang, 2020;Jhunjhunwala et al, 2021;Luo et al, 2021;Zhong et al, 2021). Therefore, meta-analysis methodology seems particularly suitable for investigating this uncertainty.…”

Section: Board Diversity and Firm Innovationmentioning

confidence: 88%

Board diversity and firm innovation: a meta-analysis

Makkonen

2022

EJIM

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PurposeIt is commonly stated that increased board diversity leads to the heightened financial performance of firms via the impact that it can have on innovation, but the latter association has, thus far, remained empirically controversial. The aim of this paper is to shed light on this unresolved debate and gap in the literature via studying different types of diversity.Design/methodology/approachA meta-analysis was conducted on the existing empirical evidence on the topic to show whether such an association exists and compare cognitive (expertise and experience) and demographic diversity (gender, nationality and racial/ethnic).FindingsThe results show that there is indeed a positive and statistically significant association between board diversity and firm innovation. This association is driven more by cognitive diversity of the board members than by demographic diversity.Research limitations/implicationsPotential publication bias, heterogeneity in the quality of the existing studies and the diversity in operationalising innovation and board diversity remain as limitations to this meta-analysis.Practical implicationsInstead of focussing on selecting board members based on demographic (surface-level) diversity, selections should be based on the interplay of the experience, expertise and background demographic characteristics of the potential candidates. Otherwise, the minority members might face a “token” status.Originality/valueThe results of this paper suggest that there is a positive association between board diversity and firm innovation. Future research should examine why this link exists. Therefore, the paper concludes with a research agenda for the benefit of potential further studies.

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Does board gender diversity affect firm performance Evidence from the French SMEs

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

The Correlation Between Board Gender Diversity and Corporate Social Responsibility

The Correlation Between Board Gender Diversity and Corporate Social Responsibility

Threshold effects of board gender diversity on firm performance: panel smooth transition regression model

Board diversity and firm innovation: a meta-analysis

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