Does computer penetration increase farmers’ income? An empirical study from China

Gao, Yanyan; Zang, Leizhen; Sun, Junbo

doi:10.1016/j.telpol.2018.03.002

Cited by 84 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Ivus and Boland (2015) found that the Internet improved the income and employment rate of service industries in Canadian rural areas from 1997 to 2011, which was helpful to overcome the urban–rural development gap. The Internet helps to optimize the allocation of urban and rural resources and reduce the income gap between urban and rural areas (Gao, Zang, & Sun, 2018). Based on the micro‐survey of Chinese farmers, it is found that the use of Internet significantly increases farmers' income and promotes farmers' income diversification (Leng, Ma, Tang, & Zhu, 2020; Ma, Nie, Zhang, & Renwick, 2020).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

E‐commerce development and urban‐rural income gap: Evidence from Zhejiang Province, China

Zeng

et al. 2021

Papers in Regional Science

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This study aims to reveal how e‐commerce affects the income gap between urban and rural areas in the context of developing world. An empirical examination was carried out by using the panel data of 11 cities in Zhejiang Province, China, from 2011 to 2018. The results show that there is an inverted‐U relationship between e‐commerce development and urban–rural income gap. Zhejiang is still on the left side of the inverted‐U curve, where e‐commerce development increases the urban–rural income gap. The government should create more favorable conditions for the popularization of rural e‐commerce and advance the turning point.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

E‐commerce development and urban‐rural income gap: Evidence from Zhejiang Province, China

Zeng

et al. 2021

Papers in Regional Science

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“…At the beginning of the year, provincial governments made the plan about the internet connection, which was then implemented by the three state-owned companies. The government plans and company establishment are the primary determinants of the change of internet availability at provincial level, making the CT project an exogenous shock (Gao et al, 2018). The counties within provinces are also subject to this policy.…”

Section: The Internet and E-commerce In Chinamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, we use an instrumental variable and 2SLS method to identify potential causality. Following Gao et al (2018), the change of provincial internet is utilized as the instrumental variable. The test of causality and justification of the IV will be discussed in section 4.2.…”

Section: Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To solve the problem of potential endogeneity, fixed-effect models and the two-stage least squares (2SLS) regressions are utilized. Following Gao, Zang, and Sun (2018), we explore the change of provincial internet penetration rate, caused by an exogenous policy shock (Cuncun Tong project), as the instrumental variable of county-level internet penetration. The Cuncun Tong (CT) project, with the purpose of providing villages with the internet accessibility, is planned by the provincial governments and implemented by state-owned companies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Internet penetration and consumption inequality in China

Shu

Feng

Xiao

2020

Int J Consumer Studies

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Growing research shows that information technology accelerates economic growth and development, but the effect of internet penetration on inequality is less well documented, especially about consumption inequality. On the one hand, internet lowers transaction costs and offers equal access to online products especially beneficial for remote and poor populations, seemingly reducing inequality. On the other hand, uneven access to the internet may increase divergences. This study examines the relationship between internet penetration and consumption inequality. Using data from 155 counties available from 2010-2016 China Family Panel Studies, this study examines whether internet penetration potentially impacts consumption inequality considering regional heterogeneity. Based on fixed-effect models and the two-stage least squares regressions, results suggest the internet penetration may increase consumption inequality measured by the Gini index. Furthermore, higher education and over a certain internet penetration rate buffer the positive impact of the internet. In some cases, the internet has smaller positive or even negative impacts on consumption inequality in regions with higher education levels and over threshold penetrations.

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“…India and Burkina Faso, shows that the use of broadband Internet has a positive impact on rural income [23]. Research by Gao shows that the popularization of computers in rural areas will increase the income of rural residents over time, but its average effect is limited [24]. Xia investigated the impact of Internet diffusion on rural development [25] and Whitacre studied the influence of rural broadband diffusion on local economic growth [26].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Can the income level of rural residents be improved by the Chinese “Broadband Village?”: Evidence from a regression discontinuity design of the six pilot provinces

et al. 2021

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The “Broadband Village” (B&V) initiative is a substantial investment in internet construction in rural areas in six western provinces implemented by the Chinese government since 2014. This study evaluates the effect this policy has had. Panel data of 1,049 counties in China from 2015 to 2019 are used for the regression discontinuity design (RD) to estimate the impact of B&V on the improvement of the income level of rural residents. The results show that, compared to the counties without the B&V policy, the income of rural residents in counties with B&V has increased by 1.468–1.518 times, which is nearly 1.3 times the sample mean of survey data, indicating that the income level of rural residents has been improved significantly by B&V. However, the quantile regression results show that the higher the income level of rural residents, the smaller the effect of this policy. From the dynamic effect of years, the influence curve of B&V on rural residents’ income is an inverted U-shaped, first increasing and then decreasing, and the impact of this policy on the income level of highly-educated farmers is greater. Finally, three different methods are used to verify the robustness of the model.

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Does computer penetration increase farmers’ income? An empirical study from China

Cited by 84 publications

References 45 publications

E‐commerce development and urban‐rural income gap: Evidence from Zhejiang Province, China

E‐commerce development and urban‐rural income gap: Evidence from Zhejiang Province, China

Internet penetration and consumption inequality in China

Can the income level of rural residents be improved by the Chinese “Broadband Village?”: Evidence from a regression discontinuity design of the six pilot provinces

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