Does Doping Method Influence the Electrical Properties of Polyacetylene?

Patterned and Controlled Polyelectrolyte Fractal Growth and Aggregations

“…18,19,[38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] Since the layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly technique was first introduced, [49][50][51][52][53][54] much research has been done in the past decade to fabricate polymer and organic thin films via alternating adsorption of positively and negatively charged species on solid surfaces. Thin film processing by LBL techniques became one of the important thin film processes in electrooptic, [55][56][57][58][59][60][61] electroluminescent, [62][63][64][65] conducting, [66][67][68][69][70] and dielectric layers 71,72 and with functional organic and inorganic nanoparticles. [73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80] On the other hand, after the "soft lithography" technique was successfully introduced, it has also been modified to fabricate more complex patterns on surfaces.…”

“…Since the layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly technique was first introduced, − much research has been done in the past decade to fabricate polymer and organic thin films via alternating adsorption of positively and negatively charged species on solid surfaces. Thin film processing by LBL techniques became one of the important thin film processes in electrooptic, − electroluminescent, − conducting, − and dielectric layers , and with functional organic and inorganic nanoparticles. − On the other hand, after the “soft lithography” technique was successfully introduced, it has also been modified to fabricate more complex patterns on surfaces. − However, most soft lithographic processing, as required in “photolithographic” processing, needs pre- or postprocessing to complete the surface patterns. ,, For example, alkane thiols or silanes were first patterned on gold or silicon oxide, glass, and metal oxides using microcontact printing (μCP). Then polyelectrolytes or polymer precursors, metal ions or particles, colloids or chemically modified polymer latex particles, and biomaterials such as DNA, proteins, and cells are selectively deposited to complete the surface patterns. − Soft lithography and LBL techniques have been combined to fabricate more complex 2-D and 3-D micron- and submicron-sized structures on surfaces. ,,− …”

Flux−Force Formalism for Charge Transport Dynamics in Supramolecular Structures. 2. Diffusivity and Electroneutrality Coupling Effects

“…The influence of various ions to the total conductivity in partially oxidized conducting polymers is in general not identical. These differences in conductivities are attributed either to the fundamental effect of the nature of the counterions on conductivity, − to the method of partial oxidation of the polymer, or to conditions under which the conductivity studies are carried out. − ,, Many independent theoretical calculations on the electronic structure of conducting polymers also suggest that the geometry of the counterions has a significant effect on the conductivity.…”