Does increasing district magnitude increase the number of parties? Evidence from Spain, 1982–2011

Singer, Matthew M.

doi:10.1016/j.electstud.2015.01.010

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…According to (Górecki & Kukołowicz, 2018), when we refer to the 'psychological effects of Duverger', that the political elite tends to form fewer parties, and voters tend to avoid supporting small parties; consequently, the number of parties in the election will tend to decrease. The need to limit the number of parties is also widely recommended by experts (Golosov, 2010;Grofman & Kline, 2012;Laakso & Taagepera, 2017;Singer, 2015).…”

Section: Effect Of Elections On National Security Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Multi-Party System in Indonesia: Reviewing the Number of Electoral Parties from the Aspects of the National Defense and Security

Wadjdi¹,

Mistiani²,

Hasani³

2020

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This paper aims to investigate the effect of the multi-party system on national security stability in Indonesia. There are two questions related to national defense and security aspects, namely how many political parties are suitable, and how do the election and the number of parties influences the stability of national security? The research approach is a mixed method. For quantitative methods, we use inferential statistical analysis based on statistical data from the 1955 to 2019 elections and the 2005-2018 local elections. From the Effective Number of Election Parties (ENEP), the total Crime, and the Indonesian Democratic Index, we find that all national voters in each election in Indonesia will accumulate significantly in the range of five to ten parties, regardless of the number of political parties participating in the election. For qualitative methods, we formed a two-session FGD that discussed ENEP and its risks to national defense and security and how to recommend related policies. We conclude that the 4-5% Electoral threshold is sufficient to be enforced as a rule in the next election. Local elections (pilkada) outside Java and Bali have a more significant influence on national security stability than national legislative elections. The implications of this study encourage policymakers in the field of national defense and security to take anticipatory steps towards differences in the risks of holding elections and local elections (pilkada), as well as the direction and focus of pilkada research, especially in the perspective of national defense and security.

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Section: Effect Of Elections On National Security Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Multi-Party System in Indonesia: Reviewing the Number of Electoral Parties from the Aspects of the National Defense and Security

Wadjdi¹,

Mistiani²,

Hasani³

2020

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“…No entanto, grande parte da literatura continua explorando a magnitude dos distritos apenas nos sistemas proporcionais (Eggers e Fouirnaies, 2014). 13 Uma novidade, nos trabalhos mais recentes com foco na magnitude dos distritos, é que em complemento à comparação entre países, na qual a magnitude mediana por país é usada como indicador (BLAIS;CARTY, 1991;SHUGART, 1995;LIJPHART, 1990;ORDE-SHOOK;SHVETSOVA, 1994;LAAKSO, 1980) surgem trabalhos explorando a variação interna da magnitude dentro de um país (AMORIM NETO; CORTEZ; PESSOA, 2011; BENOIT, 2001;GEYS, 2006;JESSE, 1999;LACHAT;BLAIS;LAGO, 2015;LAGO PENAS, 2004;LEWIS, 2018;MURAOKA;BARCELÓ, 2017;SINGER, 2015;VATTER, 2003). Outro traço dos trabalhos mais recentes sobre a magnitude é a tentativa de identificar, separadamente, os três mecanismos causais -já mencionados por Duverger -, que ligam o sistema eleitoral ao sistema partidário.…”

Section: A Magnitude Dos Distritos E Os Mecanismos Causaisunclassified

O bipartidarismo em Cabo Verde: a dinâmica do surgimento dos terceiros partidos e a magnitude dos distritos

Speck

Gonçalves

2019

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Polít.

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Resumo O artigo examina o sistema bipartidário, que caracteriza a democracia em Cabo Verde desde 1991, e avalia até que ponto o sistema eleitoral pode ser responsabilizado por esta evolução. Na primeira parte, recapitulamos a evolução do sistema bipartidário no âmbito nacional, analisando brevemente a disputa entre os dois partidos PAICV e MpD, desde a volta ao sistema multipartidário em 1991 até as últimas eleições em 2016. Na segunda parte, examinamos a dinâmica de evolução dos terceiros partidos menores, que apresentaram candidatos a deputado a partir de 1995, elegendo poucos representantes. A terceira parte está dedicada à investigação das possíveis causas para essa evolução. A partir da literatura mais recente sobre o papel da magnitude dos distritos eleitorais, analisamos primeiro os efeitos mecânicos e psicológicos deste fator sobre o processo eleitoral. Em seguida, abordamos duas questões adicionais que receberam atenção nos estudos recentes: a distribuição regional do eleitorado dos partidos e os seus efeitos de interação com a magnitude, bem como a questão da demanda que está por trás da iniciativa de lançar novas siglas disputando eleições. A nossa análise confirmou o efeito psicológico do sistema eleitoral sobre as elites partidárias. A iniciativa de lançar novos partidos, disputando eleições nacionais em Cabo Verde, está vinculada à questão da magnitude dos distritos. O efeito psicológico da magnitude sobre o eleitorado, bem como o efeito mecânico sobre os partidos pequenos parecem ter menos importância na dinâmica do processo eleitoral em Cabo Verde.

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“… 48 The estimate is nearly 2.5 times larger than the one reported by Fiva and Folke (2016). Singer and Stephenson (2009) and Singer (2015) report effect sizes of 0.45 and 0.75 for the effect of log (Magnitude) on ENPV ; a similar specification yields an estimate of 0.35 (results available upon request).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 9 Bordignon, Nannicini, and Tabellini 2016; Crisp and Demirkaya 2016; Crisp, Potter, and Lee 2012; Fiva and Folke 2016; Fujiwara 2011; Shugart 1985; Singer 2015.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Effect of District Magnitude on Electoral Outcomes: Evidence from Two Natural Experiments in Argentina

Lucardi¹

2017

Brit. J. Polit. Sci.

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How does district magnitude affect electoral outcomes? This article addresses this question by exploiting a combination of two natural experiments in Argentina between 1985 and 2015. Argentine provinces elect half of their congressional delegation every two years, and thus districts with an odd number of representatives have varying magnitudes in different election years. Furthermore, whether a province elects more representatives in midterm or concurrent years was decided by lottery in 1983. I find that district magnitude (a) increases electoral support for small parties, (b) increases the (effective) number of parties that gain seats and (c) reduces electoral disproportionality. The last two results are driven by the mechanical rather than the psychological effect of electoral rules.

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Does increasing district magnitude increase the number of parties? Evidence from Spain, 1982–2011

Cited by 16 publications

References 30 publications

The Multi-Party System in Indonesia: Reviewing the Number of Electoral Parties from the Aspects of the National Defense and Security

The Multi-Party System in Indonesia: Reviewing the Number of Electoral Parties from the Aspects of the National Defense and Security

O bipartidarismo em Cabo Verde: a dinâmica do surgimento dos terceiros partidos e a magnitude dos distritos

The Effect of District Magnitude on Electoral Outcomes: Evidence from Two Natural Experiments in Argentina

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