Does operational diagnosis of schizophrenia significantly impact intellectual deficits in psychotic disorders?

Abstract

The current study failed to show diagnostic usefulness of WAIS-R in discriminating schizophrenia and other psychoses. A diagnosis of schizophrenia does not significantly impact intellectual deficits in psychotic disorders.

Longitudinal course of core cognitive domains in first-episode acute and transient psychotic disorders compared with schizophrenia

“…The authors argued that such findings may be due to testing methods, suggesting that the “Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale—Revised (WAIS-R)” is not useful in discriminating SZ from other psychoses. Their results were in accordance with Kitamura et al (2007) , who also found that intelligence performance measured with the WAIS-R could not distinguish between SZ and non-schizophrenic psychotic disorders. However, the study mixed multiple diagnoses in the non-schizophrenic subgroup including “psychotic disorder due to a general medical condition” and “psychotic disorders not otherwise specified”.…”

“…In ATPDs, some studies reported less impaired cognitive functioning in comparison with SZ while others found no difference in cognitive variables ( Ayesa-Arriola et al, 2016 ; Kitamura et al, 2007 ; Ngoma et al, 2010 ). The study by Ayesa-Arriola et al (2016) examined whether there were distinguishable neurocognitive profiles in diagnostic subgroups of first-episode psychosis.…”

“…For symptomatology and functioning, studies showed that individuals diagnosed with ATPDs or BPD demonstrated less severe symptoms compared to those diagnosed with SZ ( Ayesa-Arriola et al, 2016 ; Kitamura et al, 2007 ). Lyne et al (2012) found that the negative symptoms were less frequent in BPD than in SZ and similarly Jäger et al (2003) and Ngoma et al (2010) reported fewer negative symptoms and better functioning in ATPDs compared to SZ and schizoaffective disorder.…”

Overview of Intellectual/Developmental Disabilities

“…Current lifetime prevalence data suggest that between 20%-70% of individuals with IDD experience significant behavioral problems or meet current diagnostic criteria for a mental disorder (1,(3)(4)(5). These high prevalence rates are linked to the severity of intellectual disability, global impairments in adaptability and resilience, coexisting neurological/ medical conditions, histories of major psychosocial and familial dysfunction, and abuse and neglect (5)(6)(7).…”

“…For example, schizophrenia is frequently diagnosed and treated based on the presence of hallucinations or delusions without a comprehensive exploration of psychosis; psychotic forms of major depressive, bipolar disorder, PTSD, delirium, dissociative states and intoxication can occur (3). As a team member, the psychiatrist often plays the role of translator between the world of the neurosciences and biomedicine and the team.…”