Does Proteomic Mirror Reflect Clinical Characteristics of Obesity?

Abstract

Obesity is a frightening chronic disease, which has tripled since 1975. It is not expected to slow down staying one of the leading cases of preventable death and resulting in an increased clinical and economic burden. Poor lifestyle choices and excessive intake of “cheap calories” are major contributors to obesity, triggering type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and other comorbidities. Understanding the molecular mechanisms responsible for development of obesity is essential as it might result in the introducing of anti-obesity targets and early-stage obesity biomarkers, allowing the distinction between metabolic syndromes. The complex nature of this disease, coupled with the phenomenon of metabolically healthy obesity, inspired us to perform data-centric, hypothesis-generating pilot research, aimed to find correlations between parameters of classic clinical blood tests and proteomic profiles of 104 lean and obese subjects. As the result, we assembled patterns of proteins, which presence or absence allows predicting the weight of the patient fairly well. We believe that such proteomic patterns with high prediction power should facilitate the translation of potential candidates into biomarkers of clinical use for early-stage stratification of obesity therapy.

Multiomics Picture of Obesity in Young Adults

“…The samples were employed for standard proteomic profiling. The detailed methodology is presented in the article by Kiseleva et al [25]. Briefly, to enhance the detection of lower abundance proteins, we depleted high-abundance proteins such as albumin and IgG from blood plasma using the ProteoPrep Kit (Sigma-Aldrich, Burlington, VT, USA).…”

“…Consequently, our investigation into obesity has persisted, with a pronounced emphasis on multiomics. This work is a logical extension of the research [25] conducted at the proteomic-only level. We demonstrated the impossibility of categorizing patients based solely on the results of standard blood tests; however, the identified proteomic patterns provide additional information about the patient's phenotype for more personalized treatment.…”

Relevance of obesity and overweight to salivary and plasma proteomes of human young adults from Brazil / Relevância da obesidade e sobrepeso para os proteomas salivares e plasmáticos de adultos jovens humanos do Brasil

“…The adipose tissue proteome of lean and obese mice showed that weight gain leads to a decrease in proteins from the Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation System machinery, increasing the risk of developing metabolic diseases. Differences in the serum proteome of pre-diabetic, nondiabetic and normal obese patients were also observed, modifying the expression of proteins such as Alpha-1-antitrypsin, Apolipoprotein A-I and haptoglobin (Kim., et al 2019;Schöttl., et al 2020;Kiseleva., et al 2021).…”

The combination of nuclear receptor NR1D1 and ULK1 promotes mitophagy in adipocytes to ameliorate obesity

“…Long-term excessive consumption of foods, those are high in sugar, calories and fat could promote the differentiation of adipocytes. Accumulation of lipids will lead to obesity, which will lead to functional changes of various organs, such as endocrine disorders, substance metabolism disorders, etc., and is related to the development of type 2 diabetes, cancer and heart failure [ 3 , 4 ]. Treatment of obesity depends on lifestyle changes.…”