Does social cohesion modify the association between area income deprivation and mental health? A multilevel analysis

Fone, David Lawrence; Dunstan, Frank David John; Lloyd, Kenneth E.; Williams, Gareth; Watkins, John; Palmer, S.R.

doi:10.1093/ije/dym004

Cited by 212 publications

(217 citation statements)

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“…It has been estimated that mental disorders account for 22.9% of all Years Lived with Disability (YLD) worldwide 3 , and for 32.4% of YLD if mental health problems that are not clinically diagnosable 4 are considered. Studies have established that, along with genetic and biological factors, social determinants influence individual and population mental health [5][6][7][8] , and that contextual factors, such as deprivation, poverty and violence negatively affect mental health. Analysing data from a study with twins, Caspi et al (2000) concluded that 20% of variance in children's behaviour problems were attributed to contextual factors, and that neighbourhood deprivation accounted for 5% of the contextual effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The psychosocial pathway relies on status competition and insecurity 12 , leading to social problems 13 , such as lack of social cohesion and violence, low levels of trust and weaker community life 12 . Evidence shows that these psychosocial factors can affect health through physiological effects of chronic stress and through their effects on health-related behaviours and individuals' self-esteem 14 Those, in turn, are known to cause psychosocial stress 5,6 and to increase the risk of developing mental health problems at an individual level [15][16][17][18][19] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Income inequality and mental illness-related morbidity and resilience: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Ribeiro

Bauer

Andrade

et al. 2017

The Lancet Psychiatry

159

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Income inequality and mental illness-related morbidity and resilience: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Ribeiro

Bauer

Andrade

et al. 2017

The Lancet Psychiatry

159

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“…It is also suggested that income assessed on a contextual level is directly related to the concepts of social capital and cohesion, which include the ways in which society is organized, through the establishment of norms of reciprocity and trust that help the formation of social ties and determine health at the individual level 16,17 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is cognitive decline in the elderly associated with contextual income? Results of a population-based study in southern Brazil

et al. 2016

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The aim of this study was to estimate the association between contextual income and cognitive decline in the elderly in Florianópolis, a medium-sized city in southern Brazil. A nested cross-sectional study was performed in a cohort of elderly ≥ 60 years (n = 1,197), interviewed in the second wave (2013/2014) of the EpiFloripa cohort. Cognitive decline was assessed with the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and contextual income was measured as the mean monthly income of the heads of households. Individual adjustment variables were sex, age, skin color, per capita household income, years of schooling, and time living in the neighborhood. The data were analyzed using multilevel logistic regression. The odds of cognitive decline were twice as high (OR = 1.99; 95%CI: 1.03; 3.87) in elderly living in census tracts with the lowest income quintile compared to those in the highest quintile, independently of individual characteristics. In conclusion, the socioeconomic environment is related to cognitive decline and should be considered in public policies with a focus on health of the elderly.

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“…FONE et al, 2007;JAYASINGHE et al, 2009 Os autores também não encontraram associação estatisticamente significante entre a ocupação e o componente físico e mental da escala SF-36. Para os mesmos autores, considerando os 1.063 indivíduos com idade maior ou igual a 35 anos, a proporção que nunca havia dosado o colesterol sanguíneo reduziu-se para 38% e a taxa de hipercolesterolemia autorreferida aumentou para 18%.…”

Section: Análise Multivariadaunclassified

Qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde entre pessoas com hipertensão arterial sistêmica em uma unidade de estratégia de saúde da família do Sul de Minas Gerais

Silva¹

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Após a coleta os dados, foram tabulados em programa estatístico, para análise descritiva e inferencial. Como resultado, constatou-se que houve predomínio das mulheres, com idade média de 64,1 anos, casados, com a maioria apresentando o ensino fundamental incompleto, com renda mensal de 1.765,92, com uma média de 3 pessoas morando na mesma casa e com 26,4% desempenhando atividades remuneradas. Em relação ao tempo de diagnóstico de HAS, houve uma média de 12,1 anos; 98,5% e 98,2% mencionaram que já haviam feito dosagem de glicose e de triglicérides respectivamente. A obesidade foi observada em 35,5%, a circunferência do braço direito e esquerdo apresentaram a média de 31,4 cm. Constatou-se em relação ao valor médio da pressão arterial (PA) entre as pessoas com HAS, um valor médio de PAS de 140,4 mmHg e um valor médio de PAD de 78,9 mmHg. Referente aos antecedentes familiares: 72,3% possuíam antecedentes de HAS; 47,6% possuíam de diabetes mellitus (DM); 34,5% de infarto agudo do miocárdio/angina (IAM); 34,5% de acidente vascular encefálico e 20,2% de morte súbita. Observou-se que 97,2% fazem uso de medicamentos e 36% ingerem mais de um medicamento por dia; a classe farmacológica mais utilizada são os antihipertensivos. Quanto à QVRS, verificou-se para o domínio estado mental um valor médio de 4,2 e no domínio manifestações somáticas de 3,4. A maioria apresentou alimentação parcialmente adequada e 67,8% mencionaram não terem recebido orientação ou tratamento para perda de peso e 15,1% mencionaram que realizam dieta hipossódica; 14,9% eram tabagistas e 94,5% apresentaram consumo de baixo risco. Notou-se que 41,1% foram classificados como ativos e 10,3% como muito ativos. Conclui-se que na análise multivariada permaneceram associadas ao domínio estado mental, as variáveis: sexo, "sabe escrever", "fez exame de colesterol", diagnóstico de IAM e história familiar de DM e no domínio manifestações somáticas: índice de massa corpórea, escolaridade, diagnóstico de IAM e história familiar de DM; assim, neste domínio observou-se uma QVRS inferior entre pessoas obesas, com menor escolaridade, que foram diagnosticadas com IAM e que têm história familiar de DM. This study aimed to assess health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among people with hypertension in a town in southern Minas Gerais, Brazil. This is a descriptive study, cross-sectional, with a quantitative approach, conducted with a sample of 397 people. Data collection took place in the first half of 2013, after approval by the Research Ethics Committee. For this step, we used an instrument consisting of four scales and another semi-structured instrument with the sociodemographic variables: Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, International Physical Activity Questionnaire, questionnaire proposed by the Food Guide from the Ministry of Health, and mini-questionnaire on quality of life in hypertension. After collection, data were tabulated using a statistical software, for descriptive and inferential analysis. We found out that there was a predominance of women, mean ...

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Does social cohesion modify the association between area income deprivation and mental health? A multilevel analysis

Abstract: Income deprivation and social cohesion measured at community level are potentially important joint determinants of mental health. Further research on the impact of the social environment on mental health should investigate causal pathways in a longitudinal study.

Cited by 212 publications

References 50 publications

Income inequality and mental illness-related morbidity and resilience: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Income inequality and mental illness-related morbidity and resilience: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Is cognitive decline in the elderly associated with contextual income? Results of a population-based study in southern Brazil

Qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde entre pessoas com hipertensão arterial sistêmica em uma unidade de estratégia de saúde da família do Sul de Minas Gerais

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