Does supplementing dairy cows with β-carotene during the dry period affect postpartum ovarian activity, progesterone, and cervical and uterine involution?

Kaewlamun, Winai; Okouyi, Marcel; Humblot, P.; Techakumphu, Mongkol; Ponter, Andrew

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.11.010

Cited by 35 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Kaewlamun et al (2011) and Khalil et al (2012) also reported that protein or bypass fat supplementation had no significant effect on the rate of uterine involution. However, McNamara et al (2003) and Tyagi et al (2010) reported positive effect of nutrient supplementation in the form of bypass fat on uterine involution.…”

Section: Uterine Involution and Postpartum Fertilitymentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Many workers have studied the effects of nutrition on postpartum fertility in cattle (McNamara et al, 2003;Tyagi et al, 2010;Khalil et al, 2012), but only a few have studied its effects on uterine involution (Kaewlamun et al, 2011;Bicalho et al, 2014). Factors such as limited energy intake, lower body reserves and postpartum diseases can delay the uterine involution and thereby the ovarian recrudescence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of peripartum nutritional supplementation on postpartum fertility and blood biochemical and steroid hormone profile in crossbred cows

Dhami

Theodore

Panchal

et al. 2017

IJAR

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Advanced pregnant healthy HF crossbred cows (n=20) of 2-4 parity were equally divided in to control (routine farm feeding-RFF) and treatment/nutrients supplementation (RFF + bypass fat @ 100-200 g/h/d and ASMM @ 50 g/h/d) groups and were studied from 2 wks prepartum to 8 wks postpartum for plasma profile of steroid hormones and metabolites on days -14, -3, 0, +3, +14, +28 and +42 as well as for puerperal events and postpartum fertility. The mean plasma progesterone values were maximum (>6 ng/ml) on day 14 prepartum, which declined significantly (p<0.01) on day 3 prepartum reached to the basal levels (<1 ng/ml) on the day of calving, remained basal till day 14, and thereafter showed a rising trend on days 28 and 42 postpartum. The oestradiol-17 values were at its peak on the day of calving (p<0.01), showed a rapid fall by day 3 postpartum and remained low till recrudesce of follicular activity around day 35 postpartum. However, there were no statistical differences between the two groups in either of the hormones, except on day 42 postpartum. The levels of cortisol and PGF 2  Metabolites (PGFM) were 3-8 times higher on the day of parturition as compared to values at day 14 pre-and postpartum, and declined further till day 42 postpartum reaching to prepartum levels. The plasma cholesterol gradually decreased as parturition approached and increased in postpartum days to reach the highest value (p<0.01) at day 42. The nutrients supplemented cows had significantly (p<0.01) higher plasma cortisol, PGFM and cholesterol values than the control cows around parturition. However, no such variation was noted in plasma protein profile. The period of uterine involution in control and supplemented groups was identical (31.97±1.82 and 30.27±1.41 days), yet the cows in treatment group resumed estrous cycle earlier (38.00±1.95 vs 42.32±4.14 days, p<0.05) and had shorter service period (85.22±7.17 vs 100.67±5.60 days) with improved pregnancy rate (80 vs 60 %) as compared to those in control group. Thus, the peripartum nutrient supplementation in crossbred cows was beneficial and had positive effect on the postpartum fertility and plasma cortisol, PGFM and cholesterol profile.

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Section: Uterine Involution and Postpartum Fertilitymentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of peripartum nutritional supplementation on postpartum fertility and blood biochemical and steroid hormone profile in crossbred cows

Dhami

Theodore

Panchal

et al. 2017

IJAR

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“…b-Carotene acts both as a precursor of vitamin A and independently to enhance host immunological defence mechanisms, but circulating concentrations fall around calving to a minimum at 1-2 weeks post partum (Kawashima et al 2012). Some, but not all, studies have reported that supplementing the diet with bcarotene around this time improves fertility and reduces markers of uterine inflammation (Kaewlamun et al 2011;Kawashima et al 2012). Concentrations of vitamin E, another fat-soluble vitamin with antioxidant properties, may also be inadequate around calving, with a meta-analysis showing that vitamin E supplementation could reduce the risk of retained fetal membranes (Bourne et al 2007).…”

Section: Mitochondria and Oxidative Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between lipid metabolism and fertility in the dairy cow

Wathes

Clempson

Pollott

2013

Reprod. Fertil. Dev.

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Abstract. Dairy cows mobilise body tissues to support milk production and, because glucose supplies are limited, lipids are used preferentially for energy production. Lipogenic activity is switched off and lipolytic mechanisms in adipose tissue increase through changes in the expression of several key enzymes. This results in a loss of body condition, together with high circulating concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids. Changes in the synthesis, secretion and signalling pathways of somatotrophic hormones (insulin, growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor 1) and adipokines (e.g. leptin) are central to the regulation of these processes. A high reliance on fatty acids as an energy source in the peripartum period causes oxidative damage to mitochondria in metabolically active tissues, including the liver and reproductive tract. The expression of genes involved in insulin resistance (PDK4, AHSG) is increased, together with expression of TIEG1, a transcription factor that can induce apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway. Polymorphisms in TFAM and UCP2, two autosomal mitochondrial genes, have been associated with longevity in dairy cows. Polymorphisms in many other genes that affect lipid metabolism also show some associations with fertility traits. These include DGAT1, SCD1, DECR1, CRH, CBFA2T1, GH, LEP and NPY. Excess lipid accumulation in oocytes and the regenerating endometrium reduces fertility via reductions in embryo survival and increased inflammatory changes, respectively.

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“…In addition, β-carotene supply during the close-up dry period induced ovulation during the first follicular wave postpartum in dairy cows [73]. In contrast, another study showed that β-carotene supply during the prepartum period had no effect on postpartum ovarian activity; however, β-carotene increased blood hydroxyproline, which is an indicator of uterine involution, and had a positive effect on immune function in the uterus and cervix [74]. Thus, β-carotene is one of the important nutritional factors for the resumption of reproductive function after parturition in dairy cows, and the role of β-carotene in modern high-producing dairy cows should be re-investigated.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Nutritional Factors That Regulate Ovulation of the Dominant Follicle During the First Follicular Wave Postpartum in High-producing Dairy Cows

et al. 2012

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Abstract. During recent decades, milk production per cow has increased drastically due to improved management, nutrition, and genetic selection; however, the reproductive performance of high-producing dairy cows has been declining. One of the factors responsible for this low reproductive performance is negative energy balance (NEB). NEB affects the onset of first ovulation in early postpartum cows. It is generally accepted that early first ovulation positively relates to the resumption of normal ovarian function, first service, and conception rate in dairy cows. Hence, delayed first ovulation has a negative impact on subsequent fertility. The metabolic condition of cows in NEB shifts to catabolic metabolism, which in turn causes increased plasma growth hormone and non-esterified fatty acid concentrations and decreased plasma insulin-like growth factor-1, insulin, and glucose concentrations. On the other hand, plasma β-carotene concentrations decrease throughout the dry period and reach their nadir in about the first week postpartum, and this change reflects energy balance during the peripartum period. β-Carotene plays a role independently of vitamin A in the reproductive performance of dairy cows, and the positive relationship between supplemental β-carotene and reproductive function has been demonstrated in many studies during the past decades. However, β-carotene content in corn silage, which is a popular main feed in high-producing dairy cows, is very low. This review describes nutritional factors related to ovulation during the first follicular wave postpartum in dairy cows. Keywords: β-Carotene, Dairy cow, First follicular wave postpartum, First ovulation, Metabolic hormone (J. Reprod. Dev. 58: [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] 2012) M ilk production per cow has steadily increased due to improved management and genetic selection. In the United States, the milk yield in Holstein cows has increased by approximately 20% in the last 10 years [1]. In Hokkaido, Japan, the milk yield in Holstein cows has increased from 7,114 kg/305 days in 1985 to 9,053 kg/305 days in 2008 (Livestock Improvement Association of Japan). However, reproductive efficiency (e.g., calving interval, services per conception) has declined with the increase in milk production. [5]. Therefore, modern high-producing dairy cows have lower reproductive performance compared to those in the preceding decades.Although nutritional management has improved for high milk production, modern high-producing dairy cows undergo a period of severe negative energy balance (NEB) during early lactation. Because energy output via milk production exceeds energy intake via feed consumption, postpartum dairy cows have to resume normal ovarian cycles under NEB to optimize fertility during the postpartum period. However, recent reports in the scientific literature confirm trends for significantly longer intervals to first ovulation in postpartum dairy cows [6,7].It is generally accepted that cows with early resumption of ovarian function have higher fertility [8][9][1...

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Does supplementing dairy cows with β-carotene during the dry period affect postpartum ovarian activity, progesterone, and cervical and uterine involution?

Cited by 35 publications

References 32 publications

Effect of peripartum nutritional supplementation on postpartum fertility and blood biochemical and steroid hormone profile in crossbred cows

Effect of peripartum nutritional supplementation on postpartum fertility and blood biochemical and steroid hormone profile in crossbred cows

Associations between lipid metabolism and fertility in the dairy cow

Nutritional Factors That Regulate Ovulation of the Dominant Follicle During the First Follicular Wave Postpartum in High-producing Dairy Cows

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