Does the Association of Sedentary Time or Fruit/Vegetable Intake with Central Obesity Depend on Menopausal Status among Women?

Abstract

(1) Background: The prevalence of central obesity is growing rapidly among women, and the prevalence differs by menopausal status. Longer sedentary time and less fruit/vegetable (F/V) intake increased the risk of central obesity. Among women of different menopausal statuses, controversy surrounds the association between sedentary time or F/V intake and central obesity. This study aimed to explore whether the independent and joint associations between sedentary time or F/V intake and menopausal status are correlated with central obesity, respectively. (2) Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Hunan, China. Self-reported questionnaires were used to gather information on demographic characteristics, menopausal status, sedentary time, and F/V intake. Waist circumference was measured at the study site. Binary logistic regression and multiple interaction models were used to explore the independent and joint associations of menopausal status and the above two lifestyle variables with central obesity. (3) Results: A total of 387 women with a mean age of 47.7 ± 6.6 years old participated in the study. The prevalence of central obesity was 52.8%. Peri- and post-menopause statuses and not taking five servings of F/V per day were risk factors of central obesity (p < 0.05), whereas no significant association was found between sedentary time and central obesity (p > 0.05). Among peri-menopausal (mutual odds ratio (OR): 2.466, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.984–6.182; p < 0.05) and post-menopausal women (mutual OR: 2.274, 95% CI: 1.046–4.943; p < 0.05), more than 4 h of sedentary time per day was associated with a high risk of central obesity. Among pre-menopausal women, the consumption of five servings of F/V per day was associated with a low risk of central obesity (mutual OR: 0.444, 95%CI: 0.236–0.837, p < 0.05). (4) Conclusions: More than half of women in the central south of China presented with central obesity, spent >4 h of sedentary time per day, or did not engage in recommended F/V intake. Healthier lifestyle intervention is warranted to prevent central obesity development, including reducing the sedentary time to <4 h per day for peri- and post-menopausal women, while increasing taking five servings of F/V per day for pre-menopausal women.

TT Genotype of TLR4 rs1928295 Is a Risk Factor of Overweight/Obesity in Han Chinese Children Aged 7–12 Years and Can Interact with Dietary Patterns to Affect the Incidence of Central Obesity and Lipid Profile, Systolic Blood Pressure Levels

“…The EFDP focuses mainly on fruit, eggs, and fish. The intake of fruits is associated with the improvement of obesity indicators [64] and can reduce the risk of central obesity [65], while the intake of eggs can reduce hunger [66] and significantly reduce short-term energy intake in children [67]. Additionally, the advantages of fish have been fully stated above.…”

Effectiveness of Bay Leaves (Syzygium polyanthum) to Reduce Body Mass Index Among Pre-Menopausal Obese Adults in South Jakarta Regency

“…Existing studies have explored the relationship between obesity, weight gain, and breast cancer risk in pre-menopausal women, indicating that adult weight gain may increase post-menopausal breast cancer risk among women with lower body mass index at a younger age (Renehan et al, 2020). Dietary factors have also been studied, with findings showing that higher fruit and vegetable intake is associated with a lower risk of central obesity among pre-menopausal women (Su et al, 2022). Structural equation model analysis has revealed significant differences in body fat percentage and visceral fat area between menopausal and pre/perimenopausal women, highlighting the impact of menopausal status on obesity-related factors (Darbandi et al, 2019).…”

Mental and physical conditions associated with physical inactivity among Farhangian University students during virtual classes: A cross-sectional study

“…Studies on the level of inactivity and public health showed that the increase in inactivity is associated with the increase in obesity, as well as decrease in physical activity with a decrease in general health ( McCoy and Morgan, 2020 ). Research related to the level of mobility in different stratum of society has progressed such that it has been shown that the effect of the education level on food intake, obesity and other health risk factors (mobility level) has changed over time ( Su et al, 2022 ). In addition to the fact that regular physical activity leads to an increase in physical readiness, it has been shown that there is a significant relationship between high physical readiness and high self-esteem ( Reddy et al, 2021 ).…”

“…Research related to the level of mobility in different stratum of society has progressed such that it has been shown that the effect of the education level on food intake, obesity and other health risk factors (mobility level) has changed over time (Su et al, 2022). In addition to the fact that regular physical activity leads to an increase in physical readiness, it has been shown that there is a significant relationship between high physical readiness and high self-esteem (Reddy et al, 2021).…”