2018
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.155
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Does the presence of caffeine in the marine environment represent an environmental risk? A regional and global study

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Cited by 81 publications
(42 citation statements)
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“…In addition, environmental exposure distributions (EEDs) were constructed for the whole data set and those river basins where a minimum of 10% detection frequency (for all years) was observed. A detailed description of the methodologies used for the construction of the EEDs is presented in Rodríguez‐Gil et al (2018) and Dafouz et al (2018). Briefly, EEDs were generated from the collected exposure data by fitting 6 possible theoretical distributions (log‐normal, log‐logistic, gamma, Weibull, Pareto, and exponential) by maximum likelihood estimation (MLE).…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition, environmental exposure distributions (EEDs) were constructed for the whole data set and those river basins where a minimum of 10% detection frequency (for all years) was observed. A detailed description of the methodologies used for the construction of the EEDs is presented in Rodríguez‐Gil et al (2018) and Dafouz et al (2018). Briefly, EEDs were generated from the collected exposure data by fitting 6 possible theoretical distributions (log‐normal, log‐logistic, gamma, Weibull, Pareto, and exponential) by maximum likelihood estimation (MLE).…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Usually, caffeine is detected at relatively high concentration levels in untreated wastewater, being a ubiquitous wastewater micro-contaminant (Bueno et al, 2012). Besides being an emerging contaminant, considered a useful indicator of human contamination (Dafouz et al, 2018), caffeine is currently not included in water monitoring programs (Spence, 2015).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Even if caffeine has been traditionally accepted as posing a low risk to aquatic environments, it might grant attention; its mixture of toxicity effects, together with the ability of caffeine to bio-accumulate in the tissues of some aquatic species could represent a potential environmental risk. Thus, several studies have been devoted to assess the environmental hazards posed by caffeine [ 37 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%