Domains and determinants of retirement timing: A systematic review of longitudinal studies

Scharn, Micky; Sewdas, Ranu; Boot, Cécile R. L.; Huisman, Martijn; Lindeboom, Maarten; Beek, Allard J. van der

doi:10.1186/s12889-018-5983-7

Cited by 76 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Many factors including demographic factors, health, social factors, social participation, work characteristics, financial factors, retirement preferences, and macro-level or country-level factors can influence retirement in industrialised countries 32. Theoretically, the components of job strain model can influence retirement by several mechanisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the healthy worker survivor effect in the relationship between psychosocial work-related factors and hypertension

et al. 2019

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ObjectivesThe healthy worker survivor effect (HWSE) usually leads to underestimation of the effects of harmful occupational exposures. HWSE is characterised by the concomitance of three associations: (1) job status–subsequent exposure, (2) job status–disease and (3) previous exposure–job status. No study has reported the coexistence of these associations in the relationship between psychosocial work-related factors and health. We assessed if HWSE is present when measuring the effects of cumulative exposure to psychosocial work-related factors on the prevalence of hypertension in white-collar workers.MethodsData were obtained from two timepoints (1991–1993 at baseline and 1999–2001 at follow-up) of a prospective cohort study. At baseline, the population was composed of 9188 white-collar employees (women: 49.9%) in Quebec City. Job strain as psychosocial work-related factor and blood pressure were measured using validated methods. Job status (retirees vs employees) at follow-up was self-reported. Multiple multilevel robust Poisson regressions were used to estimate prevalence ratios of hypertension and risk ratios of retirement separately by gender. We performed multiple imputations to control selection bias due to missing values.ResultsRetirement eliminated the subsequent exposure to job strain de facto and was associated with the reduction in the prevalence of hypertension in younger (−33%) and older (−11%) men and in older women (−39%). Job strain was associated with job status in younger men and in women of any age.ConclusionData showed the presence of HWSE in younger men and older women given the coexistence of the three structural associations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the healthy worker survivor effect in the relationship between psychosocial work-related factors and hypertension

et al. 2019

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“…Reviews have summarized the evidence on the causes for variation in retirement timing between individuals [8][9][10]. Results showcase high agreement on the determinants of such variation; these are summarized in Table 1 referring to four retirement domains (individual, job, family, and socio-economic).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

A systematic review of causes of recent increases in ages of labor market exit in OECD countries

et al. 2020

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Ages of labor market exit have increased steadily since the late 1990s in OECD countries, but with continuing population aging, there are calls for further stimulation of labor force participation at older ages. Social scientists have extensively studied causes of variation in retirement timing between individuals and across countries, but have paid less attention to causes of variation over time. This study systematically reviews evidence of causes of increases in ages of labor market exit over the past 30 years in OECD countries. Two goals are pursued: first, to provide an overview of the retirement domains that have been subject to investigation; second to compare studies with respect to the magnitude of change in retirement behavior that they attributed to different causes, in different contexts. Nineteen studies were reviewed. Available evidence articulates itself around four domains: intercohort changes in labor force participation of women (3 studies), educational attainment (3 studies) and lifetime wealth (1 study), and changes to social security systems (16 studies). Determinants in all domains explain a significant amount of past increases in ages of labor market exit, though figures attributable to similar determinants vary between studies and across countries. Evidence suggests that further postponement of labor market exit may depend on further increases to normal retirement ages and more limited access to early retirement programs, but also on further increases in educational attainment and the continued integration of women in the labor market. However, a large share of the past increases in ages of labor market exit remains unexplained; therefore, other factors such as those related to work and organizational characteristics deserve further research.

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“…Decisions on early work exit are influenced by micro-level factors, with health being the most important determinant (Van Rijn et al 2014), meso-level (workplace) factors (Scharn et al 2018) and macro-level factors (Scharn et al Responsible editor: Morten Wahrendorf. 2018). In this study, we focus on macro-level factors as determinants of early work exit.…”

Section: Macro-level Determinantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Educational differences in macro-level determinants of early exit from paid work: a multilevel analysis of 14 European countries

2019

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The aim of this study was to identify macro-level determinants of early work exit and investigate whether the effects of these determinants differ across educational groups. We used data from the Survey on Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) (2011-2013) and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) (2010/2011-2012/2013) as well as macro-level data and included 10,584 participants in 14 European countries. We used logistic multilevel analyses to examine educational differences in macro-level determinants of early work exit. Macro-level determinants were: minimum unemployment replacement rates, expenditure on active labour market policies (aimed to help the unemployed find work) and passive labour market policies (unemployment and early retirement benefits), employment protection legislation (costs involved in dismissing individuals), unemployment rates, statutory pension age and implicit tax on continued work. We found low-educated workers to be more at risk of early work exit than higher educated workers. In low-educated men, higher unemployment replacement rates, higher expenditure on passive labour market policies, stricter employment protection legislation and a higher implicit tax on continued work were associated with a higher risk of early work exit, whereas no macro-level factors were associated with early work exit in highly educated men. In women, a higher expenditure on passive labour market policies and a higher implicit tax on continued work were determinants of early work exit, regardless of educational level. To conclude, low-educated men seem to be especially responsive to the effects of pull factors that make early retirement financially more attractive.

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Domains and determinants of retirement timing: A systematic review of longitudinal studies

Cited by 76 publications

References 43 publications

Assessment of the healthy worker survivor effect in the relationship between psychosocial work-related factors and hypertension

Assessment of the healthy worker survivor effect in the relationship between psychosocial work-related factors and hypertension

A systematic review of causes of recent increases in ages of labor market exit in OECD countries

Educational differences in macro-level determinants of early exit from paid work: a multilevel analysis of 14 European countries

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