Domestic and gender-Based violence

Ashraf, Adnan; Ali, Iftikhar; Ullah, Faseeh

doi:10.4103/shb.shb_45_20

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Exclusion criteria were male sex; age < 18 years; inability to communicate fluently in French and refusal of participation. Data were collected at three time points: during (2-19 April) the first lockdown and at the end (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25), and post lockdown (20 June-05 July). At the first assessment, respondents were asked to provide their email addresses together with a personal identity code (ID code).…”

Section: Participants and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of particular concern, mental health disorders constitute a significant vulnerability factor for violence against women [14,15], which was rapidly emerging as a major public health problem in the midst of the quarantine [16][17][18][19][20]. Reports of increasing rates of domestic violence against women during the COVID-19 pandemic began to surface around the world [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors associated with violence against women following the COVID-19 lockdown in France: Results from a prospective online survey

2021

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Background The aim of this research was to investigate the impact of the first COVID-19 lockdown (March 17th—May 11th 2020) on violence against women in France. Methods A prospective survey was conducted online between April 2th 2020 and July 5th 2020. Female respondents were recruited from social media networks using the snowball sampling method. Data were collected three times: during (2–19 April) and at the end (11–25 May) of the first lockdown, and following the first lockdown (20 June– 05 July). Sociodemographic variables, lockdown living conditions, financial impact of COVID, and history of psychiatric disorder were evaluated, together with changes in psychological distress over the lockdown period, and the risk of being assaulted post lockdown. Results Psychological distress was elevated and remained stable for most of the 1538 female respondents during lockdown. More than 7% of women were affected by physical or sexual violence post lockdown. Unwanted sexual contact accounted for the majority of abuse, but physical and sexual assault were also prevalent. The risk of being abused was higher for participants who had changed anxiety/insomnia symptoms over the lockdown period, and a history of abuse. Discussion Women who experienced changes in anxiety/insomnia symptoms during the COVID-19 lockdown were at higher risk than others of being assaulted post lockdown, especially when they were already socially vulnerable. While social and psychological factors accounting for these changes warrant further investigation, communication and preventive measures during pandemics should include initiatives tailored to women more vulnerable to violence.

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Section: Participants and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with violence against women following the COVID-19 lockdown in France: Results from a prospective online survey

2021

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“…The psychological distress induced by the novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has had a large negative impact across different countries and regions worldwide [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]. With such long-lasting suffering, it is likely that some individuals develop various severe mental health problems, including suicidal ideation [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicidal Ideation during the COVID-19 Pandemic among A Large-Scale Iranian Sample: The Roles of Generalized Trust, Insomnia, and Fear of COVID-19

et al. 2022

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The novel 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is still not under control globally. The pandemic has caused mental health issues among many different cohorts and suicidal ideation in relation to COVID-19 has been reported in a number of recent studies. Therefore, the present study proposed a model to explain the associations between generalized trust, fear of COVID-19, insomnia, and suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic among a large-scale Iranian sample. Utilizing cluster sampling with multistage stratification, residents from Qazvin province in Iran were invited to participate in the present study. Adults aged over 18 years (n = 10,843; 6751 [62.3%] females) completed ‘paper–and-pencil’ questionnaires with the assistance of a trained research assistant. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied to understand the associations between generalized trust, fear of COVID-19, insomnia, and suicidal ideation. Slightly over one-fifth of the participants (n = 2252; 20.8%) reported suicidal ideation. Moreover, the SEM results indicated that generalized trust was indirectly associated with suicidal ideation via fear of COVID-19 and insomnia. Furthermore, generalized trust was not directly associated with suicidal ideation. The proposed model was invariant across gender groups, age groups, and participants residing in different areas (i.e., urban vs. rural). Generalized trust might reduce individuals’ suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic period via reduced levels of fear of COVID-19 and insomnia. Healthcare providers and policymakers may want to assist individuals in developing their generalized trust, reducing fear of COVID-19, and improving insomnia problems to avoid possible suicidal behaviors.

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“…The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) hugely impacts individuals’ psychological health and overall wellbeing worldwide [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Social distancing and other public health measures prohibiting social interactions (e.g., city lockdown and school closure) are being implemented by several governments to mitigate the spread of the infection [ 7 , 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometric Testing of the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale among Iranian Adolescents during COVID-19 Pandemic

Lin

Tofangchiha

Scheerman

et al. 2021

EJIHPE

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(1) Background: The present study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Persian adaptation of the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) in Iranian adolescents. (2) Methods: Adolescents with a mean age of 15.10 (n = 3197; 47.1% males) were recruited from Qazvin city of Iran using a stratified cluster random sampling technique. All children completed the five-item Persian MDAS and information related to background characteristics. Psychometric testing was conducted using classical test theory (CTT) and Rasch models. For CTT, an item-total correlation of >0.4 was considered satisfactory while for Rasch analysis, infit and outfit mean squares (Mnsq) ranging from 0.5–1.5 were considered satisfactory. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was conducted to confirm the unidimensional structure of MDAS using various fit indices. Differential item functioning (DIF) was evaluated based on gender and time since last dental visit. Moreover, latent class analysis (LCA) was used to classify the participants into different levels of dental fear based on their pattern of responses. Both item level reliability using Cronbachs alpha (α) and test-reliability using intraclass correlation coefficients were evaluated. (3) Results: Item-total correlations ranged from 0.69–0.78, infit MnSq ranged from 0.80 to 1.11 and the range of outfit MnSq was 0.84–1.10. The data confirmed a one-factor structure of MDAS with satisfactory fit indices. DIF analysis indicated that the scale was interpreted similarly across the genders and time since dental visit groups. LCA analysis identified three levels, low, moderate and high levels of dental anxiety. The groups with moderate and high levels of dental anxiety had more females (44.6% and 36.7%) than the group with low level of dental anxiety (18.8%; p < 0.001). α of the total scale was 0.89 and item test-retest reliability ranged from 0.72–0.86. (4) Conclusions: The Persian MDAS was unidimensional with satisfactory psychometric properties evaluated using both CTT and Rasch analysis among Iranian adolescents. The scale was stable across the genders and individuals with different dental visiting patterns. The Persian MDAS also demonstrated excellent reliability.

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Domestic and gender-Based violence

Cited by 22 publications

References 3 publications

Factors associated with violence against women following the COVID-19 lockdown in France: Results from a prospective online survey

Factors associated with violence against women following the COVID-19 lockdown in France: Results from a prospective online survey

Suicidal Ideation during the COVID-19 Pandemic among A Large-Scale Iranian Sample: The Roles of Generalized Trust, Insomnia, and Fear of COVID-19

Psychometric Testing of the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale among Iranian Adolescents during COVID-19 Pandemic

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