Dominance and stress signalling of carotenoid pigmentation in Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus): Lateralization effects?

Bäckström, Tobias; Heynen, Mar­ti­na; Brännäs, Eva; Nilsson, Jan; Magnhagen, Carin

doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.10.003

Cited by 20 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Further, there also seems to be a lateralized effect of the carotenoid pigmentation. It has been suggested that the left side is associated to stress responsiveness whereas the right side is associated to aggressiveness (Backström et al 2015a;Backström et al 2015c). The left side association to stress responsiveness seems to be corroborated in this study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Thus it seems likely that this process can also be involved in and have an effect on the carotenoid spots. The contrast between the spots and the background coloration of the skin could be an effect of this skin darkening, but in an earlier study we found it unlikely (Backström et al 2015a). Further, since there also seems to be a link between carotenoid spots counted the day before and the stress responsiveness the following day (Backström et al 2014), the physiological colour change is not the only factor involved in the association between carotenoid spots and stress responsiveness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…On day 1, fish (body mass: 141.2 ± 21.4 g, fork length (L F ): 23.9 ± 1.1 cm, mean ± SD, N = 32) were netted from the stock, photographed on both sides as described by Backström et al (2015a) using a Canon EOS 500D digital camera and a box with a transparent lid. Immediately after photographing, fish were anaesthetized with Tricaine methane sulfonate (MS-222, 0.15 g/L), weighed and measured.…”

Section: Experiments Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1) (Backström et al 2015a). Briefly, carotenoid-based spots were counted systematically in a rectangle (2 cm x 10 cm) on each side of the fish using ImageJ (Rasband, W.S., ImageJ, U. S. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, http://imagej.nih.gov/ij/, 1997-2012.…”

Section: Image Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Instead, a recent study reported that the carotenoid pigmentation in Arctic charr could be used as an indicator of physiological stress responses (Backström et al 2014). Additionally, socially subordinate charr have more carotenoid spots compared to dominant individuals (Backström et al 2015a). Therefore, carotenoid pigmentation, rather than melanin-based pigmentation, seems to be signalling stress in Arctic charr.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Anaesthesia and handling stress effects on pigmentation and monoamines in Arctic charr

et al. 2017

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Stress responsiveness differs between individuals and is often categorized into different stress coping styles. Using these stress coping styles for selection in fish farming could be beneficial, since stress is one main factor affecting welfare. In Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) carotenoid pigmentation is associated with stress responsiveness and stress coping styles. Thus this could be an important tool to use for selection of stress resilient charr. However, anaesthetics seem to affect carotenoid pigmentation, and it would be better if the method for selection could be implemented during normal maintenance, which usually includes anaesthetics. Therefore, this study investigated how the use of anaesthetics affected carotenoid pigmentation, i.e. number of spots, over time compared to no-anaesthetic treatment. Additionally, the stress indicators monoamines and glucocorticoids were investigated. The results indicate that the anaesthetic MS-222 affects number of spots on the right side. This anaesthetic also increased dopaminergic activity in the telencephalon. Both brain dopaminergic and serotonergic activity was associated with spottiness. Further, behaviour during anaesthetization was associated with spots on the left side, but not the right side. Repetition of the same treatment seemed to affect spot numbers on the right side. In conclusion, this study shows that inducing stress in charr affects the carotenoid spots. Thus, it is possible to use anaesthetics when evaluating spottiness although careful planning is needed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Section: Experiments Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Image Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Anaesthesia and handling stress effects on pigmentation and monoamines in Arctic charr

et al. 2017

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Assessing the Association Between Animal Color and Behavior: A Meta‐Analysis of Experimental Studies

Ruckman,

Humphrey,

Muzzey

et al. 2024

Ecology and Evolution

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Color varies in pattern and degree across the tree of life. In animals, genetic variation in color is hypothesized to have pleiotropic effects on a variety of behaviors due to shared dependence on underlying biochemical pathways. Such pleiotropy can constrain the independent evolution of color and behavior. Although associations between color and behavior have been reported, this relationship has not yet been addressed across a broad taxonomic scale with a formal meta‐analysis. We used a phylogenetic meta‐analytic approach to examine the relationship between individual variation in aggressive behavior and variation in multiple colors. Seventy‐four studies met our inclusion criteria (vertebrates = 70; invertebrates = 4). After accounting for phylogeny and correcting for publication bias, there was a positive association between measures of aggression and degree or area of coloration (mean = 0.248, 95% CI = (0.044, 0.477)). Because this positive association was not restricted to melanin‐based coloration, we conclude that this pattern does not strongly support the melanin pleiotropy hypothesis. Because the association was also not affected by moderators accounting for individual condition, social rank, or age, the results do not strongly support hypotheses that condition dependence accounts for relationships between color and aggressive behavior. The badge of status hypothesis predicts that arbitrary traits can evolve to signal aggression or social dominance. We propose that this is the most parsimonious explanation for the patterns we observe. Because of the lack of evidence for condition dependence in the association between color and aggression, we further propose that the genetic covariation between traits contributes to the evolution of the badges of status.

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Maternal allocation of carotenoids increases tolerance to bacterial infection in brown trout

et al. 2017

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Life-history theory predicts that iteroparous females allocate their resources differently among different breeding seasons depending on their residual reproductive value. In iteroparous salmonids there is typically much variation in egg size, egg number, and in the compounds that females allocate to their clutch. These compounds include various carotenoids whose functions are not sufficiently understood yet. We sampled 37 female and 35 male brown trout from natural streams, collected their gametes for in vitro fertilizations, experimentally produced 185 families in 7 full-factorial breeding blocks, raised the developing embryos singly (n = 2960), and either sham-treated or infected them with Pseudomonas fluorescens. We used female redness (as a measure of carotenoids stored in the skin) and their allocation of carotenoids to clutches to infer maternal strategies. Astaxanthin contents largely determined egg colour. Neither egg weight nor female size was correlated with the content of this carotenoid. However, astaxanthin content was positively correlated with larval growth and with tolerance against P. fluorescens. There was a negative correlation between female skin redness and the carotenoid content of their eggs. Although higher astaxanthin contents in the eggs were associated with an improvement of early fitness-related traits, some females appeared not to maximally support their current offspring as revealed by the negative correlation between female red skin colouration and egg carotenoid content. This correlation was not explained by female size and supports the prediction of a maternal trade-off between current and future reproduction.

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Dominance and stress signalling of carotenoid pigmentation in Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus): Lateralization effects?

Cited by 20 publications

References 56 publications

Anaesthesia and handling stress effects on pigmentation and monoamines in Arctic charr

Anaesthesia and handling stress effects on pigmentation and monoamines in Arctic charr

Assessing the Association Between Animal Color and Behavior: A Meta‐Analysis of Experimental Studies

Maternal allocation of carotenoids increases tolerance to bacterial infection in brown trout

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