Don’t Quote me: Effects of Named, Quoted, and Partisan News Sources

Embedding, quoting, or paraphrasing? Investigating the effects of political leaders’ tweets in online news articles: The case of Donald Trump

“…Broersma and Graham (2012: 414), for example, found that 90% of the tweets included in UK news articles during the 2010 election campaign were being fully quoted. Writing on the drive for objectivity in everyday journalism, Ward (2008: 80) draws a close connection between objectivity and accuracy of reporting, understood as the “[need] for accurate quotations and paraphrases of statements.” The choice of direct tweet quotes, as opposed to paraphrasing, may relate not just to accuracy, but also to transparency, and to source credibility (which adds to the credibility of the news itself), and may be justified to avoid accusations of potential bias by misrepresentation (Duncan et al, 2019).…”

“…The available evidence as to audience perception of article bias when using paraphrasing as opposed to quoting indicates a limited effect, as audiences apparently fail to pick up on the credibility, objectivity, and accuracy aspects which journalists may regard as being related to using direct quotes (Duncan et al, 2019; Gibson and Zillmann, 1998 ; Weaver et al, 1974). At the same time, the extant literature leaves much room for further exploration.…”

“…At the same time, the extant literature leaves much room for further exploration. First, with the exception of Duncan et al’s (2019) research, studies have relied chiefly on student samples and non-political topics. It is possible that in the political domain, and among a more diverse population, direct quotes may be perceived as being more objective and trustworthy than paraphrasing.…”

“…It is possible that in the political domain, and among a more diverse population, direct quotes may be perceived as being more objective and trustworthy than paraphrasing. Duncan et al’s (2019) study does use stimuli containing a politician source; however, they do not analyze how audience ideology influences credibility perceptions and do not use tweets that may enhance journalistic credibility (see Gearhart and Kang, 2014). Given the available estimates (Mitchell et al, 2018: 5, 17) that only about 47% of the US public thinks that the media is reporting political issues fairly and only 58% think that they cover the government well, the overall public distrust in this regard might make the audience more unfavorable of paraphrasing.…”

AN ANALYSIS OF NAMING IN JOURNALISM: sexual and gender dissidence in Folha de S. Paulo

“…The relationship between naming and sources of information has been identified in studies on credibility (Vultee, 2010;Duncan et al, 2019). Duncan et al (2019) examined how the public processes the credibility of news from three source characteristics: named, unnamed, or identified by political parties. Vultee (2010) analyzed the names in the credibility building process.…”