Donor Fragmentation, Aid Shocks, and Violent Political Conflict

Gutting, Raynee S.; Steinwand, Martin C.

doi:10.1177/0022002715595701

Cited by 38 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The observed bypassing of the Ministry of Health through the use of NGOs reflects donors' practice in fragile states (Acht, Mahmoud, and Thiele 2014;Dietrich 2013;Gutting and Steinwand 2017). Although there are some positive aspects of collaborating with NGOs, there are challenges (Banks and Hulme 2012;Banks, Hulme, and Edwards 2015;Buse and Walt 1996;Doyle and Patel 2008;Gideon and Porter 2016;Hearn 1998Hearn , 2007Pfeiffer 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Donor dilemmas in a fragile state: NGO-ization of community healthcare in Guinea-Bissau

Baldursdóttir

Gunnlaugsson

Einarsdóttir

2018

Development Studies Research

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There is increased emphasis on donor engagement in the world's poorest and most fragile states, but aid modalities tend to differ depending on the recipient countries' governance. In fragile states, donors often bypass governments and collaborate with non-state development actors (NGOs) to prevent aid capture, improve effective delivery and increase effectiveness. Based on ethnographic fieldwork over 20 months in 2009-2012, the aim of this paper is to explore the role of NGOs in community-based primary healthcare vis-à-vis the Ministry of Health in Guinea-Bissau. Revitalization of Guinea-Bissau's formerly extensive community healthcare services was initiated in 2010. The Ministry of Health, in charge of its implementation, emphasized ownership, harmonization and alignment that created tension with NGOs. However, as a result of a military coup in 2012, donors bypassed the Ministry and gave NGOs a central role. Through the voices of stakeholders, this paper outlines donors' dilemmas in a situation of state fragility. They found NGO-ization reasonable to protect funds and secure implementation while some worried that it might counteract alignment, harmonization, ownership and sustainability. The paper argues that aid to the health sector in fragile states needs to be long-term and predictable.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Donor dilemmas in a fragile state: NGO-ization of community healthcare in Guinea-Bissau

Baldursdóttir

Gunnlaugsson

Einarsdóttir

2018

Development Studies Research

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“…One out of the three studies found a direct effect on civil conflict onset [46,82,83], and the three studies that analyze incidence, duration, and battles also find these to be more likely in the wake of a disaster [46,57,84] (not in Table 1). Overall, in the period under review, too few studies were conducted to draw firm conclusions, but as for temperature, results opposite of the scarcity scenario seem unlikely.…”

Section: Empirical Studies 2014-2017mentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Change and Violence: Insights from Political Science

Theisen

2017

Curr Clim Change Rep

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Purpose of Review The aim of this review is to understand the state of the art of research related to climate change and collectively organized violence from a broad political science perspective. Recent Findings An increasing share of quantitative studies find a link between weather anomalies and violence for some forms of violence, but the directions are not always consistent and the mechanisms are not satisfactorily understood. Nonnaturalist scholars note important reservations. Summary Important improvements have been made during the last few years, but much remains to conclude that climate change will increase the risk of violence. An increased focus on the political consequences of adaptation and mitigation is needed.

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“…A poor environment may lead to increased levels and as the environment improves membership levels decrease. Gutting and Steinwand () focused on the relationship between donor fragmentation, aid shocks, and political instability. Rejecting the belief that donor concentration can lead to disruptions in economic and political systems, the authors suggest that fragmentation reduces the impact of aid shocks and hence political instability as well (p. 663).…”

Section: Political Stability In Country Of Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Impact of the Political Environment on INGO Vulnerability to Terrorist Attack

Lambert¹

2018

Risk Hazard & Crisis Pub Pol

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International Non-Governmental Organizations (INGOs) operate in dangerous environments where their humanitarian missions are often in jeopardy. This study analyzes the relationship between four political variables-Regime Type, Political Corruption, Political Stability, and Level of Terrorism-and terrorist attacks against INGOs. What political conditions exist when INGOs are targeted by terror organizations? Do these conditions differ from international terror attacks in which INGOs are not targeted? The Global Terrorism Database (GTD) is used to identify INGOs attacked by terrorists and to describe the nature of the terrorist threat posed to the organizations. Additionally, data from the Polity IV Project, the State Fragility Index (SFI), and Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGIs) are used to create proxy variables for Regime Type, Political Stability, and Political Corruption. Binary logistic regression of these four variables reveals Political Stability and Level of Terrorism as the best predictors of INGO attacks. These two variables predicted 82.0 percent of the INGO attacks but were much less successful (58.1 percent) in predicting terrorist attacks in which INGOs were not targeted. INGOs can more effectively align resources with their security needs as they gain a better understanding of how the political environment impacts or does not impact their vulnerability to terrorist attack.Evaluando el impacto del clima político en la vulnerabilidad de las ONGs internacionales a ataques terroristas Las Organizaciones no Gubernamentales Internacionales (INGOs) operan en ambientes peligrosos donde sus misiones humanitarias est an a menudo en peligro. Este estudio analiza la relaci on entre cuatro variables políticas -tipo de r egimen, corrupci on política, estabilidad política y nivel de terrorismo -y ataques terroristas contra las INGOs. ¿Qu e condiciones políticas existen cuando las INGOs son objetivo de organizaciones terroristas? ¿Difieren estas condiciones de los ataques terroristas internacionales en los que las INGOs no son los objetivos? La Base de Datos de Terrorismo (GTD) se utiliza para identificar INGOs que son atacadas por terroristas y para describir la naturaleza de la amenaza terrorista para las organizaciones. Adicionalmente, los datos del Polity IV Project, el Indice de Fragilidad del Estado y los Indicadores de Gobernanza Globales se usan para crear variables por procuraci on para el tipo de r egimen, estabilidad política y corrupci on política. La regresi on logística binaria de estas cuatro variables revela que la Estabilidad Política y el Nivel de Terrorismo son los mejores predictores de ataques a las INGOs. Estas dos variables predijeron 82.0% de los ataques a INGOs pero fueron mucho menos exitosas (58.1%) al predecir ataques terroristas donde las INGOs no fueron el objetivo. Las INGOs pueden alinear recursos m as efectivamente con sus necesidades de seguridad mientras llegan a una mejor comprensi on de c omo el ambiente político tiene o no impacto sobre la vulnerabilidad a ataques terrorista...

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Donor Fragmentation, Aid Shocks, and Violent Political Conflict

Cited by 38 publications

References 45 publications

Donor dilemmas in a fragile state: NGO-ization of community healthcare in Guinea-Bissau

Donor dilemmas in a fragile state: NGO-ization of community healthcare in Guinea-Bissau

Climate Change and Violence: Insights from Political Science

Assessing the Impact of the Political Environment on INGO Vulnerability to Terrorist Attack

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