Dopamine effects on evidence gathering and integration

Andreou, Christina; Schneider, Brooke C.; Braun, Vivien; Kolbeck, Katharina; Gallinat, Jürgen; Moritz, Steffen

doi:10.1503/jpn.140306

Cited by 23 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Fourth, there are studies which have questioned the retest reliability and internal consistency of the Beads Task and also suggest that participants may find it hard to understand the instructions (Balzan, Delfabbro, Galletly, & Woodward, 2012;Moritz et al, 2017;Moritz & Woodward, 2005;Ross, McKay, Coltheart, & Langdon, 2015). Therefore, future studies could use other tests, such as the box task (Andreou et al, 2015;Balzan, Ephraums, Delfabbro, & Andreou, 2016, Moritz et al, 2017, the fish task (Moritz et al, 2012;Speechley et al, 2010), or other tests in which the influence of more than one emotional component is evaluated (Dudley et al, 1997) to find out whether the results coincide with those in our study. In the fifth place, the reason why many patients with non-affective psychosis did not jump to conclusions was not explored, and this should be subject to future studies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

The effect of task difficulty on decision-making

Serrano-Guerrero

Rodríguez‐Testal²,

Martín-Rodríguez

et al. 2018

Journal of Experimental Psychopathology

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The aim was to determine whether there are differences between groups in jumping to conclusions and the number of beads required to make a decision based on task difficulty. An assessment was made of 19 patients with non-affective psychosis, 19 with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and 19 healthy controls. The Beads Task scale was used in its two versions. Patients with non-affective psychosis jumped to conclusions. There was significant interaction between group and task difficulty. Increased difficulty of the task did not affect the number of beads patients with non-affective psychosis or OCD needed to make their decision. However, healthy controls needed to see more beads before they could make a decision in the hard test than in the easy one. Patients with non-affective psychosis jump to conclusions, but neither this group nor the OCD patients benefit from the changes in task difficulty when making their decisions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

The effect of task difficulty on decision-making

Serrano-Guerrero

Rodríguez‐Testal²,

Martín-Rodríguez

et al. 2018

Journal of Experimental Psychopathology

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“…In schizophrenia, anti-psychotic medication does not directly alleviate jumping-to-conclusion behaviour (Menon et al, 2008;So et al, 2010So et al, , 2012, and even remitted patients express intermediate levels of information gathering (Moutoussis et al, 2011). In healthy subjects, only one study found a more cautious decision making after dopamine D2/3 agonist administration (Ersche et al, 2011), while several other studies did not find an effect of either dopamine enhancing or reducing medications (Andreou et al, 2013(Andreou et al, , 2015Ermakova et al, 2014). Using amisulpride, we found no effect on information gathering.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

“…In this study, we examined the role of catecholaminergic neuromodulators in information gathering. Dopamine is implicated in the genesis of schizophrenia (Laruelle, 2013), but previous studies found inconsistent results about its role in jumping to conclusions (Menon et al, 2008;So et al, 2010So et al, , 2012Ersche et al, 2011;Andreou et al, 2013Andreou et al, , 2015 including role in signalling uncertainty (Aston-Jones and Cohen, 2005;Yu and Dayan, 2005;Dayan and Yu, 2006), suggesting this neuromodulator might play a role during information gathering.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noradrenaline modulates decision urgency during sequential information gathering

Hauser

Moutoussis

Purg

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Arbitrating between timely choice and extended information gathering is critical in effective decision making. Aberrant information gathering behaviour is said to be a feature of psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive disorder. We know little about the neurocognitive control mechanisms that drive such information gathering. In a double-blind placebo-controlled drug study with 60 healthy humans (30 female), we examined the effects of noradrenaline and dopamine antagonism on information gathering. We show that modulating noradrenaline function with propranolol leads to decreased information gathering behaviour and this contrasts with no effect following a modulation of dopamine function. Using a Bayesian computational model, we show sampling behaviour is best explained when including an urgency signal that promotes commitment to an early decision. We demonstrate that noradrenaline blockade promotes the expression of this decision-related urgency signal during information gathering. We discuss the findings with respect to psychopathological conditions that are linked to aberrant information gathering. Significance StatementKnowing when to stop gathering information and commit to an option is non-trivial. This is an important element in arbitrating between information gain and energy conservation. In this double-blind, placebo-controlled drug study, we investigated to role of catecholamines noradrenaline and dopamine on sequential information gathering. We found that blocking noradrenaline led to a decrease in information gathering, with no effect seen following dopamine blockade. Using a Bayesian computational model, we show that this noradrenaline effect is driven by an increased decision urgency, a signal that reflects an escalating subjective . CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. It is made available under a The copyright holder for this preprint (which was . http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/252932 doi: bioRxiv preprint first posted online Jan. 25, 2018; 3 cost of sampling. The observation that noradrenaline modulates decision urgency suggests new avenues for treating patients that show information gathering deficits.

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“…the Cognitive Biases Questionnaire for Psychosis) [52] or new task variants (e.g. the box-task) [53] and the "what is this" task [42,54]).…”

Section: Lack Of Associations With Psychopathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Failure to replicate the JTC-bias in patients with psychotic disorders: A secondary analysis of a baseline assessment of a randomized controlled trial

Pytlik

Soll

Hesse

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The jumping to conclusions bias (JTC) is considered to be an important causal factor in theoretical models on the formation and maintenance of delusions. However, recent meta-analytic findings show a rather equivocal pattern of results regarding associations between JTC and delusions. Thus, the aim of the present preregistered study is to investigate in a large sample whether the JTC-bias is more pronounced in patients with psychotic disorders in comparison to controls and whether the JTC bias is associated with more severe delusional conviction, persecutory delusions and positive symptoms in general. All hypotheses were pre-specified in the trial proposal.Methods: Patients with psychotic disorders (n = 300) enrolled in a therapy trial and healthy controls (n = 51) conducted a variant of the beads task (fish task) as a measure for the JTC-bias at start of the trial. Further, clinical interviews were used to assess patients’ delusional severity and delusional conviction.Results: There were no statistically significant differences between patients with psychotic disorders (with 53% displaying the JTC-bias) and controls (41%). Furthermore, there were no statistically significant correlations between JTC measures and persecutory delusions, delusional conviction and positive symptoms.Conclusions: We found no evidence for hasty decisions in patients with psychotic disorders, possibly because the fish task induces a more deliberative reasoning style as compared to the traditional beads task. The lack of associations between JTC measures and delusion severity is in line with meta-analytic findings using a wide range of JTC task variants. JTC is not as ubiquitous as previously thought and may only manifest itself in certain situational contexts. Trial Registration: ISRCTN29242879 (isrctn.com), date of registration: April 12th 2006, http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN12345678

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Dopamine effects on evidence gathering and integration

Cited by 23 publications

References 51 publications

The effect of task difficulty on decision-making

The effect of task difficulty on decision-making

Noradrenaline modulates decision urgency during sequential information gathering

Failure to replicate the JTC-bias in patients with psychotic disorders: A secondary analysis of a baseline assessment of a randomized controlled trial

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