The periosteum, rich in neurovascular networks, bone
progenitor
cells, and stem cells, is vital for bone repair. Current artificial
periosteal materials face challenges in mechanical strength, bacterial
infection, and promoting osteogenic differentiation and angiogenesis.
To address these issues, we adjusted the electrospinning ratio of
poly-ε-caprolactone and chitosan and incorporated Zn doping
whitlockite with polydopamine coating into a nanofiber membrane. After
a series of characterizations, optimal results were achieved with
a poly-ε-caprolactone: chitosan ratio of 8:1 and 5% nanoparticle
content. In vitro cell experiments and in vivo calvarial defect models,
the sustained release of Mg2+ and Ca2+ promoted
vascularization and new bone formation, respectively, while the release
of Zn2+ was conducive to antibacterial and cooperated with
Mg2+ to promote neurovascularization. Consequently, this
antibacterial bionic periosteum with an angiogenesis-neurogenesis
coupling effect demonstrates a promising potential for bone repair
applications.