Dopant-free methoxy substituted copper(II) phthalocyanine for highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells

Achieving Resistance against Moisture and Oxygen for Perovskite Solar Cells with High Efficiency and Stability

“…A great number of studies have validated the feasibility and effectiveness of the substitution with other dopant-free organic HTMs for spiro-OMeTAD to raise moisture stability (Figure a), including copper­(II) phthalocyanine with butoxy groups (CuPc-OBu), nickel phthalocyanine (NiPc) abbreviated NiPc-(OBu) 8 with vanadium­(V) oxide (V 2 O 5 ), copper­(II) phthalocyanine (CuPc-(OMe) 8 ), zinc­(II) phthalocyanine derivative (Me 6 Bu-ZnPc), DMZ (consisting of four triphenylamine units as side arms and a bifluorenylidene as the core unit), YC-1 based on the 4-dicyanomethylene-4 H -cyclopenta­[2,1-b;3,4-b′]­dithiophene, 4,4-dimethoxytriphenylamine (Z30), P3HT/graphene, and P3HT with nonperipheral octamethyl-substituted copper­(II) phthalocyanine (N-CuMe2Pc). − All the PSCs with these organic HTLs have achieved outstanding stability. However, the PCEs of the devices with these organic HTLs are low.…”

Bipolar Organic Material Assisted Surface and Boundary Defects Passivation for Highly Efficient MAPbI3‐Based Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells

“…Recently, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) came out as forefront candidate in the field of photovoltaic devices. [ 1–12 ] In just less than a decade, both categories of PSCs, conventional (n‐i‐p) and inverted (p‐i‐n) architectures have already achieved 25.3% and 22.3% certified power conversion efficiencies (PCEs), respectively. [ 10,12 ] Even though in terms of PCE, the inverted PSCs are slightly behind, but hold many advantages with its counterpart, such as hysteresis‐free device operation and all‐solution process fabrication conditions with low temperature requirements.…”

Porphyrin‐Based Simple and Practical Dopant‐Free Hole‐Transporting Materials for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells Using TiO2 Semiconductors

“…[ 15 ] Consequently, it is highly demanded to replace the traditional‐doped Spiro‐OMeTAD by other dopant‐free HTMs for improved efficiency and stability of PSCs. [ 16,17–21 ] In this regard, there are a bunch of studies showing the possibility of molecular engineering on HTMs with very high performance. [ 14,22–24 ] Examples, such as the triazatruxene‐based KR321 (19.03%), [ 25 ] the spiro[fluorine‐9,9′‐xanthene]‐based N 2, N 2, N 7, N 7‐tetrakis(4‐methoxyphenyl)‐3′,6′‐bis(pyridin‐4‐ylmethoxy) spiro[fluorene‐9,9′‐xanthene]‐2,7‐diamine (19.5%), [ 26 ] the truxene‐based Trux‐OMeTAD (18.6%), [ 27 ] the quinolizino acridine incorporating FA‐CN (18.9%), [ 28 ] heteroacene‐based m ‐methoxy‐arylamine‐based di(1‐benzothieno)[3,2‐ b :2′,3′‐ d ]pyrrole (18.09%), [ 29 ] M7‐TFSI containing benzodithiophene and benzothiadiazole (17.4%), [ 30 ] triarylamine‐based TPAC3M (17.54%), [ 31 ] pyridine‐based D105 (17.40%) and D106 (18.24%), [ 32 ] cyclohexylidene‐derivative 4,4′‐cyclohexylidenebis[ N , N ‐bis(4‐methylphenyl) benzenamine] (p‐i‐n type; 18.80%), [ 33 ] and other types of small‐molecule HTMs, [ 23,24 ] all exhibit the PCE of >17% without the need for dopants/additives.…”