Dormancy break in seeds of <i>Impatiens glandulifera</i> Royle

Mumford, Pauline M.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1990.tb00935.x

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…In the laboratory, dormancy can be broken by maintaining imbibed seeds at 48C; the period of chilling required decreased with increased seed age (Mumford 1988). If the stratification requirement is not met, fully imbibed seeds can remain dormant for several years at 208C and the breaking of dormancy in the seeds can be identified by the presence of anthocyanin in the cells of the root cap (Mumford 1989). Interrupting the stratification with desiccation did not have an effect on the required chilling period, however an interruption of the stratification at 48C with a period at 208C was found to increase the required chilling period.…”

Section: Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biology of invasive alien plants in Canada. 9. Impatiens glandulifera Royle

Clements¹,

Feenstra²,

Jones³

et al. 2008

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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Royle (Himalayan balsam) is an invasive alien annual up to 3 m in height with showy flowers that are generally pink or purplish. Native to the Himalayan region, I. glandulifera was first recorded in Canada in 1901 in Ottawa, and is now found in eight Canadian provinces: British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland. Impatiens glandulifera is typically found in riparian habitats and may spread rapidly because its seeds are readily transported via waterways. Up to 2500 seeds are produced per plant and dispersed explosively up to 5 m from the parent plant. This can result in dense monotypic stands which prevent establishment of native plants and make stream banks vulnerable to erosion when the shallow-rooted plants die back. Impatiens glandulifera is susceptible to glyphosate but because herbicide use in riparian areas is not advised, other control methods such as hand weeding, mowing or flaming have been used. Methods for eradication are most successful when upstream populations are controlled first, as the plants spread downstream. Removal of I. glandulifera should be managed synchronously with non-native control measures and ideally be accompanied by planting native species to ensure the restoration of native species composition. The prognosis for curbing its spread in Canada seems poor as it has quite rapidly become established along waterways in many regions, following a pattern seen over the past two centuries in Europe.Key words: Impatiens glandulifera, Impatiens roylei, Himalayan balsam, impatiente glanduleuse, policeman's helmet riparian, invasive plant, weed biology Clements, D. R., Feenstra, K. R., Jones, K. et Staniforth, R. 2008. La biologie des plantes exotiques envahissantes au Canada. 9. Impatiens glandulifera Royle. Can. J. Plant Sci. 88: 403Á417. Impatiens glandulifera Royle (impatiente glanduleuse) est une annuelle envahissante pouvant mesurer jusqu'a`trois me`tres de hauteur. Ses fleurs tre`s voyantes sont ge´ne´ralement roses ou mauves. Cette plante originaire de l'Himalaya a e´te´signale´e pour la premie`re fois a`Ottawa en 1901, mais on la retrouve ap re´sent dans huit provinces (Colombie-Britannique, Manitoba, Ontario, Que´bec, Nouvelle-É cosse, Nouveau-Brunswick, Iˆle-du-Prince-É douard et Terre-Neuve). Impatiens glandulifera affectionne habituellement les milieux riverains et se multiplie rapidement, car les cours d'eau en transportent aise´ment les graines. Chaque plant donnera jusqu'a`2500 semences qui seront disperse´es de manie`re explosive jusqu'a`5 me`tres de distance de la plante me`re. Il en de´coule parfois de denses peuplements monotypiques qui empeˆchent les plantes indige`nes de s'e´tablir et peuvent rendre les berges vulne´rables al 'e´rosion lorsque meurent ces plantes peu profonde´ment enracine´es. Impatiens glandulifera est sensible au glyphosate, mais l'usage d'herbicides e´tant de´conseille´dans les zones riveraines, on recourt a`d'autres me´thodes de lutte, notamment le de´sherbage manuel, la tonte ou le br...

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Section: Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biology of invasive alien plants in Canada. 9. Impatiens glandulifera Royle

Clements¹,

Feenstra²,

Jones³

et al. 2008

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…Seeds of the target species, I. glandulifera , were sourced from field collections in the UK in 2009 and subsequent years, and stored for a period of 6 months at 4°C before use (Mumford, ). Following storage, seeds were placed on sterile filter paper moistened with sterile distilled water (SDW) in a 9 cm diameter Petri dish, transferred to a 4°C incubator and observed every 5 days for signs of germination.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

First release of a fungal classical biocontrol agent against an invasive alien weed in Europe: biology of the rust, Puccinia komarovii var. glanduliferae

et al. 2015

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The rust fungus Puccinia komarovii var. glanduliferae was first identified infecting Impatiens glandulifera in its native range (western Himalayas) between 2006 and 2010. Subsequently, it was imported into quarantine in the UK for evaluation as a classical biocontrol agent. To assess the safety of the rust, plant species relevant to Europe were tested for susceptibility. To confirm the life cycle, all infective spore stages were inoculated on I. glandulifera to follow disease progression. Teliospores were primed using bleaching and low temperatures to break dormancy. Temperature and dew period experiments using urediniospores were conducted to assess the parameters required for infection. Of the 74 plant species tested, only I. balsamina, an ornamental species, was fully susceptible to urediniospore inoculum. The life cycle of the rust – an autoecious, full‐cycled species with five spore stages – was confirmed. Urediniospores were infective between 5 and 25°C, with an optimum at 15°C. A minimum of 8 h dew period was required to achieve consistent infection. Based on a pest risk assessment, the rust poses no threat to native biodiversity within EU Member States; making P. komarovii var. glanduliferae a suitable candidate as the first fungal classical biocontrol agent against an exotic weed in the region.

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“…Soltani [34] informed that there were positive relations between the seed weight and the time of overcoming seed dormancy in beechnuts. This information was given by various researchers [35,36]. However, this does not mean that the highest germination percentage cannot be obtained by earlier overcoming of seed germination.…”

Section: The Impact Of Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Exposure, Elevation and Tree Age on Seed Characteristics of Fagus orientalis Lipsky

Ertekin¹,

Kirdar²,

Ayan³

2015

SEEFOR

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Background and Purpose: Natural or artificial regeneration, rehabilitation, and conversion from coppice to high forest are important practices in Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) forests in Turkey. Studies of the seeds of this species have increased in number because mast years are infrequent and seed germination is inhibited by dormancy. In this study we quantified the effects of tree age (40-59, 60-79 and 80-99 years), stand exposure (north, west, east and south) and elevation (600 and 800 m a.s.l.) on seed characteristics (germination, moisture content, and weight) of Oriental beech. Material and Methods: The seeds used in this study were collected from natural beech forest at Kumluca, Bartin, in the western Black Sea region of Turkey. Experiments were carried out in the laboratory and the greenhouse of Bartin University. Results: Seed germination and moisture content varied significantly by elevation, and seed germination was strongly influenced by elevation. Moisture content was 14% at 600 m and 16% at 800 m. The effects of elevation and tree age on 100 seed weights were not significant but exposure had a significant effect. The highest 100 seed weight was recorded for trees on southern exposures and the highest germination percentage of 82% was recorded for trees on northern exposures. Conclusions: In conclusion, since oriental beech seedlings are produced by generative propagation method, seeds should be harvested in optimum distribution area of beech, from average ages and phenotypically plus tree.

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Dormancy break in seeds of Impatiens glandulifera Royle

Cited by 9 publications

References 10 publications

The biology of invasive alien plants in Canada. 9. Impatiens glandulifera Royle

The biology of invasive alien plants in Canada. 9. Impatiens glandulifera Royle

First release of a fungal classical biocontrol agent against an invasive alien weed in Europe: biology of the rust, Puccinia komarovii var. glanduliferae

The Effects of Exposure, Elevation and Tree Age on Seed Characteristics of Fagus orientalis Lipsky

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