Dormancy-related genes isolation in <i>Cynara cardunculus</i> var. <i>sylvestris</i>

Raccuia, S.A.; Puglia, G.; Pappalardo, H.; Argento, S.; Leonardi, Chiara; Calderaro, P.; Melilli, M.G.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2016.1147.44

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Cynara cardunculus achenes are usually dormant at dispersal, and this primary dormancy state can be broken by exposure of achenes to cycles of alternating temperatures (Huarte & Benech‐Arnold, ; Raccuia et al ., ). It is known that seed dormancy can be imposed by different seed or fruit tissues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Although it is an important weed in many cultivated and natural systems, there is little information about C. cardunculus achene biology (Raccuia et al ., ). Reported data show that most C. cardunculus populations produce dormant achenes at dispersal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Reported data show that most C. cardunculus populations produce dormant achenes at dispersal. Dormancy breakage of these dormant achenes depends on exposure to alternating temperatures (Huarte, ; Raccuia et al ., ), and to a lesser extent to light (Huarte & Benech‐Arnold, ). Germination of these populations at constant temperatures is scarce (Ierna et al ., ; Huarte & Benech‐Arnold, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding dormancy breakage and germination ecology of Cynara cardunculus (Asteraceae)

et al. 2018

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Summary Cynara cardunculus is a troublesome weed in temperate grazing lands. Cynara cardunculus achenes are usually dormant at dispersal and require alternating temperatures to terminate dormancy and germinate. Laboratory and glasshouse experiments were conducted to determine (i) the treatments able to terminate dormancy and (ii) the effect of environmental factors and agronomic practices on germination and emergence of non‐dormant (dry after‐ripened) achenes. Scarification, hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite promoted germination of dormant achenes. Dry after‐ripening and cold stratification were tested in two different populations. Dormancy of both populations was released from dormancy by dry after‐ripening. In contrast, cold stratification allowed dormancy release in just one of the populations, while the other was induced into secondary dormancy. Germination of non‐dormant (dry after‐ripened) achenes was maximum in a range of temperatures from 10 to 20°C and was inhibited at higher temperatures. Reduction of osmotic potential below −0.6 MPa led to a decrease in final germination. These results explain synchronic emergence of C. cardunculus seedlings in autumn after dormancy release during summer. Maximum seedling emergence was close to 60% at soil depths of 1 cm and only decreased as depth increased over 6 cm. In contrast, seedling emergence was not reduced by the presence of cover residues, while a flooding duration of 21 days was required to suppress emergence significantly. These results suggest that the deep burial of achenes and agronomic practices that take advantage of synchronic emergence of achenes could be useful tools leading to better long‐term management of C. cardunculus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding dormancy breakage and germination ecology of Cynara cardunculus (Asteraceae)

et al. 2018

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“…; Raccuia et al . ). This likely elicits changes in the GAs/ABA ratio that ultimately determines dormancy termination (Kucera et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Therefore, both NO 3 and alternating temperatures are required for a substantial TR in the presence of ABA. Recently, in wild thistle, the effect of alternating temperatures was described to be associated with the decrease in ABA synthesis through down-regulation of 9-CIS-EPOXY-CAROTENOID DIOXYGENASE (NCED) gene expression (Huarte et al 2014;Raccuia et al 2016). This likely elicits changes in the GAs/ABA ratio that ultimately determines dormancy termination (Kucera et al 2005;M€ uller et al 2006;Graeber et al 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed dormancy and control of germination in Sisymbrella dentata (L.) O.E. Schulz (Brassicaceae)

et al. 2018

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Seed germination responsiveness to environmental cues is crucial for plant species living in changeable habitats and can vary among populations within the same species as a result of adaptation or modulation to local climates. Here, we investigate the germination response to environmental cues of Sisymbrella dentata (L.) O.E. Schulz, an annual endemic to Sicily living in Mediterranean Temporary Ponds (MTP), a vulnerable ecosystem. Germination of the only two known populations, Gurrida and Pantano, was assessed over a broad range of conditions to understand the role of temperatures, nitrate, hormones (abscisic acid - ABA and gibberellins - GA) and after-ripening in dormancy release in this species. Seed germination responsiveness varied between the two populations, with seeds from Gurrida germinating under a narrower range of conditions. Overall, this process in S. dentata consisted of testa and endosperm rupture as two sequential events, influenced by ABA and GA biosynthesis. Nitrate addition caused an earlier testa rupture, after-ripening broadened the thermal conditions that allow germination, and alternating temperatures significantly promoted germination of non-after-ripened seeds. Primary dormancy in S. dentata seeds likely allows this plant to form a persistent seed bank that is responsive to specific environmental cues characteristic of MTP habitats.

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Effect of reactive oxygen species on germination of Cynara cardunculus (L.) cultivars

Huarte¹,

Puglia²,

Varisco³

et al. 2020

Acta Hortic.

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Dormancy-related genes isolation in Cynara cardunculus var. sylvestris

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

Understanding dormancy breakage and germination ecology of Cynara cardunculus (Asteraceae)

Understanding dormancy breakage and germination ecology of Cynara cardunculus (Asteraceae)

Seed dormancy and control of germination in Sisymbrella dentata (L.) O.E. Schulz (Brassicaceae)

Effect of reactive oxygen species on germination of Cynara cardunculus (L.) cultivars

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