Dos and Don'ts in Designing School-Based Awareness Programs for Suicide Prevention

Grosselli, Luna; Herzog, Kristina; Aseltine, Robert H.; Balázs, Judit; Carli, Vladimir; Ciffone, Jerry; Leo, Diego De; Feltz-Cornelis, C.M. van der; Hawton, Keith; Hegerl, Ulrich; Kõlves, Kairi; Kutcher, Stan; Mehlum, Lars; Niederkrotenthaler, Thomas; Rezaeian, Mohsen; Renaud, Johanne; Lewitzka, Ute; Hoyer, Jürgen; Knappe, Susanne

doi:10.1027/0227-5910/a000783

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The probability of meeting someone bereaved by suicide who needs empathy and support is high for most over the life course. It could probably make a difference if the average level of knowledge on grief in general, and what is special about suicide bereavement, increased in the whole population—through education and prevention strategies at schools, colleges, universities, and in population campaigns [ 104 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Health Services and Support Resources by Immediate Family Members Bereaved by Suicide: A Scoping Review

Kaspersen

Kalseth

Stene‐Larsen

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The knowledge on health service use, systematic follow-up, and support for families bereaved by suicide remains scarce. This scoping review includes studies from 2010 to March 2022 that investigate the follow-up and support offered by health services, peer support services, and other resources available (e.g., internet-based resources) for families bereaved by suicide. We followed the scoping review framework provided by the Johanna Briggs Institute and performed a double-blinded screening process using Covidence. Data were extracted by four researchers and a thematic analysis was performed to summarize the results. The PRISMA Extension for Scoping reviews was used for reporting results. Of 2385 studies screened by title, 190 by abstract, and 93 by full-text reading, we included 63 original articles of which 24, 29 and 10 were quantitative, qualitative, or mixed-methods studies, respectively. The review shows that we have some knowledge about the need for, and experiences with, health services and support resources for immediate family members bereaved by suicide, but a lack of knowledge about their help-seeking behaviour, patient pathways, systematic follow-up, coordination between services, and long-term outcomes. We need more longitudinal observational studies of health service use and patient trajectories for people bereaved by suicide.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Health Services and Support Resources by Immediate Family Members Bereaved by Suicide: A Scoping Review

Kaspersen

Kalseth

Stene‐Larsen

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…It was developed by the first and second author, who have expertise in cognitive-behavioural therapy for children, adolescents, and adults. Forehand, we conducted an international three-stage Delphi survey with experts of suicide prevention [ 10 ] to gather suggestions about effective contents and methods in school-based suicide prevention. Following the suggestions of this survey, HEYLiFE was designed to reduce barriers to help-seeking, unfavourable attitudes towards suicidality and stigma towards suicidal peers.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is crucial to target these risk factors related to suicidality as early and systematically as possible for suicide prevention [ 10 ]. Fortunately, respective activities in schools have been developed over the past decade [ 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In response to these challenges, the HEYLiFE educational suicide prevention program for secondary schools was developed. A Delphi survey with leading suicide prevention experts was conducted beforehand to obviate the lack of coordination regarding the theoretical basis of prevention programs [ 10 ]. The HEYLiFE program was developed and evaluated according to these recommendations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Addressing help-seeking, stigma and risk factors for suicidality in secondary schools: short-term and mid-term effects of the HEYLiFE suicide prevention program in a randomized controlled trial

Grosselli,

Knappe,

Baumgärtel

et al. 2024

BMC Public Health

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Background Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts present a serious public health concern among adolescents and young adults. School-based suicide prevention programs are a key tool for addressing this problem. However, more research is necessary to assess their effectiveness, acceptability, and safety. In response, the HEYLiFE suicide prevention program was developed to enhance help-seeking, reduce stigma towards suicidal peers and diminish risk factors for suicidality. This article presents the evaluation findings of the HEYLiFE program in German secondary schools. Methods We conducted a randomized-controlled trial measuring short-term pre-post within-group effects in the intervention group only and mid-term effects at 6-months-follow-up compared to a waitlist-control group. Schools were assigned randomly to the intervention or control group (no blinding). We recruited students ≥12 years of age. Primary outcomes were knowledge about suicidality, attitudes towards suicidality, stigma towards a suicidal peer, help-seeking intentions and behaviours, risk factors for suicidality. The data was analysed with linear mixed models and generalized linear mixed models. Results A total of N = 745 students participated (n = 353 intervention group, n = 392 control group). We observed favourable short-term effects on knowledge, attitudes towards suicidality and fear towards a suicidal peer. Unexpectedly, the program also led to an increase in desire for social distance and a decrease in prosocial emotions towards a suicidal peer. The mid-term effects of the program were exclusively favourable, resulting in enhanced attitudes towards help-seeking while protecting from a sharper rise in risk-factors for suicidality and from an increase in social distance. The program had more favourable effects on females and on students aged >13 years. The program was well-received by the students, and no serious adverse events were reported. Conclusions These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the HEYLiFE universal suicide prevention program in addressing variables associated with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among adolescents on the mid-term. The short-term negative effects on stigma and more negative effects on males should be addressed in the future. Future evaluation studies should examine its effects on suicidality and its effectiveness within populations at high risk. Trial registration The study was preregistered in the German Clinical Trials Register (registration number: DRKS00017045; registration date: 02/04/2019).

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“…This systematic approach draws on the expertise of people working in specific areas and is applicable to provide guidance in a particular context. Delphi studies have commonly been used for the content development of mental health training programs, including culturally appropriate mental health first aid (Chalmers et al, 2014), suicide postvention guidelines for secondary schools (Cox et al, 2016), and Dos and Don’ts in Designing School-Based Awareness Programs for Suicide Prevention (Grosselli, 2021).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Suicide Prevention Life Gatekeeper Training Program in China: A Delphi study

Cai

Yin

Tong

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Introduction: Youth suicide has been a pressing public mental health concern in China, yet there is a lack of localised gatekeeper intervention programs developed for Chinese schools. Life Gatekeeper was the first systematically developed gatekeeper program which aimed to equip teachers and parents with knowledge, skills, and ability to identify and intervene students at high risk of suicide. This study aimed to achieve expert consensus on the content of this program. Methods: The Delphi method was used to elicit consensus on statements essential to include in the training program. In the form of scoring existing statements and responding to open-ended questions, experts have the opportunity to evaluate the content, delivery form, feasibility, and overall feeling of the initial training program. Two Delphi rounds were conducted among Chinese panel members with diversified professional backgrounds in suicide research and practice. Statements were accepted for inclusion in the adjusted training program if they were endorsed by at least 80% of the panel. Results: Consensus was achieved on 201 statements out of 207 statements for inclusion in the adapted guidelines for the gatekeeper programme, with 151 from the original questionnaire, and 50 generated from the comments of the panel members. These endorsed statements were used to develop the Life Gatekeeper training program. Conclusion: This Delphi study provided an evidence base in developing of the first gatekeeper training program in China. We hope that the current study could pave the way for more evidence based suicide prevention programs in China. Further study is warranted to evaluate the effectiveness of the Life Gatekeeper training program.

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Dos and Don'ts in Designing School-Based Awareness Programs for Suicide Prevention

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

Use of Health Services and Support Resources by Immediate Family Members Bereaved by Suicide: A Scoping Review

Use of Health Services and Support Resources by Immediate Family Members Bereaved by Suicide: A Scoping Review

Addressing help-seeking, stigma and risk factors for suicidality in secondary schools: short-term and mid-term effects of the HEYLiFE suicide prevention program in a randomized controlled trial

Development of a Suicide Prevention Life Gatekeeper Training Program in China: A Delphi study

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