Dosage de la lignine insoluble en milieu acide : influence du prétraitement par hydrolyse acide sur la lignine Klason de bois et de paille

Monties, Bernard

doi:10.1051/agro:19840410

Cited by 65 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Monosaccharide composition was analyzed and quantified using 2-deoxy-D-ribose as internal standard and standard solutions of neutral carbohydrates (L-arabinose, D-glucose, D-xylose, D-galactose, L-rhamnose, D-mannose, L-fucose and D-fructose). The lignin content of residues was approximated as the acidunhydrolyzable residue remaining after sulphuric acid hydrolysis according to the Klason lignin determination (Monties 1984). Acid-unhydrolyzable residue was termed KL-Lignin thereafter.…”

Section: Chemical Analysis Of Maize Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of fine litter chemistry on lignocellulolytic enzyme efficiency during decomposition of maize leaf and root in soil

et al. 2013

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Residue recalcitrance controls decomposition and soil organic matter turnover. We hypothesized that the complexity of the cell wall network regulates enzyme production, activity and access to polysaccharides. Enzyme efficiency, defined as the relationship between cumulative litter decomposition and enzyme activities over time, was used to relate these concepts. The impact of two contrasting types of cell walls on xylanase, cellulase and laccase efficiencies was assessed in relation to the corresponding changes in residue chemical composition (xylan, glucan, lignin) during a 43-day incubation period. The selected residues were maize roots, which are rich in secondary cell walls that contain lignin and covalent bridges between heteroxylans and lignin, and maize leaves having mostly nonlignified primary cell walls thus making the cellulose and hemicelluloses less resistant to enzymes. Relationships between C mineralization and change in residue quality through decomposition indicated that the level of substitution of arabinoxylans (arabinan to xylan ratio) provides a good explanation of the decomposition process. In leaves enriched in primary cell walls, arabinose substitution of xylan controlled C mineralization rate but hampered polysaccharide decomposition, but to a lesser extent than in roots in which arabinoxylans were mostly cross-linked with lignin. Enzyme activity was higher in leaf than root amended soils while enzyme efficiency was systematically higher in the presence of roots. This apparent paradox suggests that residue quality could preselect the microbial community. Indeed, we found that microorganisms exhibited an initial rapid growth in the presence of a high quality litter and produced enzymes that are not efficient in degrading recalcitrant cell walls while, in the presence of the more recalcitrant maize roots, microbial biomass grew more slowly but produced enzymes of higher efficiency. This high enzyme efficiency could be explained by the synergistic action of hydrolytic and oxidative enzymes even in the early stage of decomposition.

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Section: Chemical Analysis Of Maize Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of fine litter chemistry on lignocellulolytic enzyme efficiency during decomposition of maize leaf and root in soil

et al. 2013

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“…Klason lignin (KL) was determined as the insoluble residue remaining after a two-step sulfuric acid hydrolysis of cell wall polysaccharides (Monties, 1984). Briefly, 300 mg of sample were suspended in 3 mL of 72% H 2 SO 4 for 2 h at 20°C.…”

Section: Biochemical Analysis Of Wheat Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can the Biochemical Features and Histology of Wheat Residues Explain their Decomposition in Soil?

et al. 2006

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The biochemical characteristics or quality of crop residues is an important factor governing soil residue decomposition. To improve C and N biotransformation models the process underlying this decomposition needs to be better understood and new quality criteria found to describe it. The aims of this explorative study were to (i) improve our understanding of residue decomposition from detailed studies of cell wall biochemical compositions and tissue architecture (ii) find new ways of exploring generic indicators of organic matter quality. To do this, the cell wall composition and tissue architecture of wheat leaves, internodes and roots, before and after their incorporation into soil were determined. Results showed that leaves which were poorly lignified decomposed faster in soil than internodes and roots. Cellulose was the most degraded polysaccharide irrespective of wheat residue. However, cellulose was much more degraded in the case of leaves as compared to internodes and roots. Leaves also presented a highly condensed lignin structure and the extent to which uncondensed leaf lignin was affected by soil decomposition suggests that the contribution of leaf lignin to C mineralization during incubation was very low. Roots which contained similar amounts of lignin than the internodes decomposed more slowly. Roots were enriched in phenolic acids, and more particularly p-coumaric acid (pCA) and presented a more condensed lignin structure than internodes. Phenolic acids are involved in the formation of lignin-polysaccharide complexes known to be recalcitrant to enzymatic attack. Microscopic investigations confirmed that the vessels were the most resistant tissues to decomposition in soil and this could be related either to their lignin content or to the quality of this lignin (condensed-like type lignin). Therefore, cell wall biochemical analyses have revealed that phenolic acids, which in their esterified form represent only 0.1-1% of plant dry matter, have cross link functions within the cell walls that could be of major interest in estimating soil residue degradability. Lignin quality (monomers, level of condensation) was another crucial criterion that could explain why residues with similar amounts of lignin decomposed at different rates in soil (roots vs. aerial parts). Visualization of residue cell walls before and after decomposition in soil underlined the interest of a microscopic approach coupled with image analysis. This study, corroborated by the extensive literature on forage digestibility, confirmed that the proportions of vascular tissue and sclerenchyma cells in plant material are determinant factors affecting plant degradability. In the future, classification of plant material based on these criteria could lead to the definition of new quality parameters for models of C and N biotransformation in soil.

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“…The contents for these fractions were 15 and 18.1% CWR, respectively. As these Klason contents were obtained without acid prehydrolysis, and because lignin recovery was impeded by low filterability, it may be assumed that the possible lignin content may indeed be higher (18). However, the lignin contents and the corresponding total (S + G) yields of monomeric degradation products (Table I) were ofthe same order of magnitude.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Due to lack of enough samples, the lignin content could be determined only in the xylem samples of the control and the 1% GA3 with 0.05% IAA treatment. Total lignin content was obtained according to a Klason standard procedure without acid prehydrolysis as previously described (18). It was assumed that lignin structure was not modified by clearing the internodes in lactic acid.…”

Section: Lignin Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Auxin and Gibberellin in Controlling Lignin Formation in Primary Phloem Fibers and in Xylem of Coleus blumei Stems

Aloni¹,

Tollier²,

Monties³

1990

Plant Physiol.

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The hypothesis that auxin (IAA) and gibberellic acid (GA3) control the formation of lignin is confirmed for the primary phloem fibers and for the secondary xylem in the stem of Coleus blumei Benth. Indoleacetic acid alone, or a combination of high IAA/low GA3 (w/w), induced short phloem fibers with thick secondary walls, that contained lignin rich in syringyl units (high ratio of syringyl/guaiacyl). On the other hand, a combination of high GA3/ low IAA (w/w), which promoted the differentiation of long phloem fibers with thin walls, decreased the relative content of the syringyl units (low syringyl/guaiacyl ratio). In the secondary xylem, these hormonal treatments yielded only slight changes in the noncondensed monomeric guaiacyl units, confirming the relative stability of the guaiacyl lignification pattem in this tissue. In the xylem, indoleacetic acid alone, or a combination of high IAA/ low GA3 induced lignin poor in syringyl units (low syringyl/guaiacyl ratio). A combination of high GA3/low IAA promoted a relatively slight increase in syringyl yield, indicating greater responsiveness of the syringyl lignification pattern to growth regulators. The possible functional and technological significance of our results is discussed.

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Dosage de la lignine insoluble en milieu acide : influence du prétraitement par hydrolyse acide sur la lignine Klason de bois et de paille

Abstract: RÉSUMÉUn protocole de

Cited by 65 publications

References 2 publications

Impact of fine litter chemistry on lignocellulolytic enzyme efficiency during decomposition of maize leaf and root in soil

Impact of fine litter chemistry on lignocellulolytic enzyme efficiency during decomposition of maize leaf and root in soil

Can the Biochemical Features and Histology of Wheat Residues Explain their Decomposition in Soil?

The Role of Auxin and Gibberellin in Controlling Lignin Formation in Primary Phloem Fibers and in Xylem of Coleus blumei Stems

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