Dose Distribution at Radiographic Examination of the Spine in Pediatric Radiology

Almén, Anja; Mattsson, Sören

doi:10.1097/00007632-199603150-00019

Cited by 30 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The Cobb method has been used to assess the progression of the curvatures, to select the types of interventions, and to assess their effectiveness (Weinstein and Buckwalter, 2000). However, health professionals worry regarding the amount of radiation imposed on these adolescents during the follow-up assessments (Almén and Mattsson, 1996;Levy et al, 1996). This is because, in some cases, X-rays from the anterioreposterior (AP) and the lateral views, need to be performed every three months (Weiss et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability of photogrammetry in the evaluation of the postural aspects of individuals with structural scoliosis

Saad

Colombo

Ribeiro

et al. 2012

Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability of photogrammetry in the evaluation of the postural aspects of individuals with structural scoliosis

Saad

Colombo

Ribeiro

et al. 2012

Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies

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“…One study compared conventional film/grid technique (F/G) with air-gap technique using computed radiography (CR) [12], two studies [17,18] used an air-gap technique using conventional films and the other three studies performed the scoliosis examinations by digital-pulsed fluoroscopy [14,16,19]. In four of these studies, the effective doses were determined based on the Monte Carlo calculation using PCXMC or a similar computer program [12,14,16,18], whereas the estimation in two analyses involved calculating the total energy transfer to the organs, based on air kerma or TLD measurements [17,19]. Although there is no accepted standard method for the determination of the effective radiation doses of radiological procedures in children, Geijer H. et al [16] found a remarkably good correlation between the measured values of effective dose and the Monte Carlo calculations which indicates that these calculations are a useful tool in the clinical setting for the evaluation of the effective dose.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lowered dose full-spine radiography in pediatric patients with idiopathic scoliosis

et al. 2018

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Purpose To optimize our standard full-spine radiography with respect to diagnostic quality and dose. Methods A phantom study was performed to establish an optimal posterior-anterior view (PA) full spine protocol having the lowest dose with non-inferior quality compared to standard. We then applied this protocol in 40 pediatric patients (group B). The radiographs were scored on six criteria by a pediatric radiologist and orthopedist and compared to the scores of 40 PA full spine radiographs performed in 2013 with standard protocol (group A). Radiation dose was assessed by dose area product (DAP) and effective dose (E). Statistical analysis included independent samples t test, Mann-Whitney U test and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). Results An optimized protocol was defined (0.2 mm Cu filter, 0.87 relative exposure, with grid). Mean age was 13.3 ± 1.6 years for group A and 13.4 ± 1.7 years for group B. For group B, the mean DAP was 47.0 µGy m 2 with an E of 0.13 mSv. For group A, the mean DAP was 85.3 µGy m 2 with an E of 0.24 mSv. This represents a dose reduction of 45%. Mean image quality scores for group A (27.9 ± 2.4) and group B (28.1 ± 2.3) were similar (p = 0.612). Interobserver agreement was observed to be excellent (ICC 0.92). Conclusion This study demonstrates that a low-dose full-spine radiograph can be performed in patients with idiopathic scoliosis without loss of image quality.Graphical abstract These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material. Key points1. RadiaƟon safety is an important aspect, in parƟcular when imaging children.2. Phantom studies can help to understand the impact of technical radiography parameters on image quality and dose.3. RadiaƟon dose could be dramaƟcally decreased (45%) to 0.13 mSv.

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“…Hansen et al (2003) reported greater Ka,e values for the same agedefined groups, mainly due to the fact that an antiscatter grid was used, contrary to that found in this study. A significant exception was the study of Almen and Mattsson (1996a) where a large FFD technique (FFD ϭ 4.1 m, with air-gap ϭ 20 cm) was used instead of a grid, which resulted in smaller Ka,e.…”

Section: Entrance Surface Kerma Kaementioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Dose From Radiological Examination for Scoliosis in Children Among Two Pediatric Hospitals by Monte Carlo Simulation

Gialousis¹,

Yiakoumakis²,

Makri³

et al. 2008

Health Physics

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The radiation exposures of children undergoing full spine radiography were investigated in two pediatric hospitals in Greece. Entrance surface kerma (Ka,e) was assessed by thermoluminescence dosimetry and patient's effective dose (E) was estimated by Monte Carlo simulation. All required information regarding patient age and sex, the irradiation geometry, the x-ray spectra, and other exposure parameters (tube voltage and current) were registered as well. Values of Ka,e were measured to range from 0.22 mGy to 2.12 mGy, while E was estimated to range from 0.03 mSv to 0.47 mSv. In general, all values were greater in one of the two hospitals, as higher tube currents and exposure times were used in the examinations because of the difference in radiographers' training and practice. Moreover, dose to red bone marrow was found to be between 0.01 to 0.23 mSv and dose to breast ranged between 0.02 and 1.05 mSv depending on the age, projection, and hospital. These values are comparable with literature sources.

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Dose Distribution at Radiographic Examination of the Spine in Pediatric Radiology

Abstract: Thoracic spine and lumbar spine examinations lead to relatively high-absorbed doses to radiation-sensitive organs. Because the scoliosis investigation is repeated several times, the total effective dose could be considerable.

Cited by 30 publications

References 18 publications

Reliability of photogrammetry in the evaluation of the postural aspects of individuals with structural scoliosis

Reliability of photogrammetry in the evaluation of the postural aspects of individuals with structural scoliosis

Lowered dose full-spine radiography in pediatric patients with idiopathic scoliosis

Comparison of Dose From Radiological Examination for Scoliosis in Children Among Two Pediatric Hospitals by Monte Carlo Simulation

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